Fakülteler / Faculties
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Item Which Method Is More Effective for the Treatment of 1-2 cm Renal Pelvis Stones in Obese Patients: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy or Flexible Ureterorenoscopy?(Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, 2024-04-24) Karkin, Kadir; Aydamirov, Mubariz; Aksay, Bugra; Kaplan, Eyup; Gurlen, GucluObjective: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and complications of obese patients who underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and flexible ureterorenoscopy (FURS) for treating 1-2 cm renal pelvic stones. Methods: This study included 89 patients with a body mass index (BMI) >30 who underwent ESWL and FURS surgeries for 10-20 mm renal pelvic stones between January 2015 and July 2023. Three months after the treatments, patients underwent full abdominal computed tomography (CT) and were examined for stone -free status and the presence of residual stones. The presence of >= 4 mm residual stones on imaging was considered a failure, and these patients were treated again. Demographic data, stone characteristics, stone -free rate (SFR) three months after the procedure, surgery/procedure time, and complications such as bleeding, urosepsis, and collecting system perforation were compared between the groups. Results: The patients included in the study were divided into two groups: ESWL (n=46) and FURS (n=43). Demographic and clinical data were similar between the groups. Retreatment rates were higher in the ESWL group compared to the FURS group. The mean procedure time was similar between the groups (p=0.085). The three-month SFR was found to be higher in the FURS group (88.3% vs. 73.9%; p=0.043). There was no difference in complication rates between groups. Conclusion: FURS is a more effective treatment method than ESWL in obese patients with stones 1-2 cm in size located in the renal pelvis.Item Investigating EFL teacher candidates' acceptance and self-perceived self-efficacy of augmented reality(Başkent Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, 2024-02-20) Okumus, Aysegul; Savas, PerihanThe mixed-methods sequential explanatory design study presented here sought to investigate the acceptance and self-perceived self-efficacy of Augmented Reality technology among English as a Foreign Language teacher candidates. This study's contribution to the field of AR as an instructional technology lies in that research on the using AR technology in language teacher education are particularly limited. To bridge this research gap, one-group pre-test-post-test design was used in this study, in which ten weeks of AR-enhanced English language teacher training treatment was carried out. To answer the research questions, quantitative data were gathered from 50 volunteers by using the Technology Acceptance Model survey and Self-Efficacy Scale. Qualitative data were received via semi-structured interviews carried out with 12 pre-service teachers. Findings revealed that there was a significant increase in EFL teacher candidates' levels of AR technology acceptance whereas no significant difference was identified in their self-perceived self-efficacy. The interviewees proposed interpersonal, intrapersonal, technological, and technical factors to explain their low self-efficacy levels. Based on the findings, the paper offers implications and suggestions for researchers, teacher educators, and policymakers. The solutions to increase the level of acceptance and self-perceived self-efficacy levels to use AR among EFL Teacher Candidates include courses on Emergent Technologies (ICT, MALL, CALL, AR), training via seminars, workshops, input sessions through (inter)nationally funded projects, real-life examples, field-specific samples, and hands-on experiences.Item Tie system to upgrade out-of-plane performance of infill masonry walls(Başkent Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi, 2024-02-20) Choi, Ho; Nakano, Yoshiaki; Sanada, Yasushi; Matsukawa, Kazuto; Gulkan, Polat; Binici, BarisThe objectives of this study were to investigate the out-of-plane behavior of unreinforced masonry (URM) infill walls and to identify the effectiveness of tie systems that were proposed to enhance the infill stability under both in- and out-of-plane effects. This study examined three types of tie systems: a full-length tie system (prototype), a staggered tie system and a half-length tie system. For this purpose, four 1/4-scale, single-story, one-bay masonry infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frame specimens with and without the proposed tie systems were sequentially tested under in-plane static cyclic loading and out-of-plane dynamic excitation. In the experimental study, two series of shaking table tests were conducted to investigate the out-of-plane behavior of the infill walls. The first series compared the fundamental out-of-plane performance of three proposed tie systems, and the second series verified the effectiveness of the full-length tie system to prevent infill out-of-plane failure under an excitation simulating the severe floor response in medium-rise buildings. The test results indicated the following: (1) the presence of the tie systems caused minor differences in the in-plane capacity and ductility of each specimen, (2) the effectiveness of the full-length and staggered tie systems was superior to that of the half-length tie system, and (3) the full-length tie system not only prevented the infill out-of-plane failure but also significantly reduced the infill damage under realistic excitation conditions. The above research outcomes provide a useful contribution of the infill to upgrade the seismic resistance of buildings.Item Fine-Tuning Sno2 Films: Unleashing Their Potential Through Deposition Temperature Optimization By Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis(Başkent Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi, 2024-03-31) Sarica, Emrah; Ozcan, Hakan Bilal; Gunes, Ibrahim; Terlemezoglu, Makbule; Akyuz, IdrisIn this study, the optimization of the deposition temperature, which directly affects the crystallinity, morphology, and electrical conductivity of SnO2 films deposited onto Corning Eagle XG glass substrates using the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique, was investigated to tailor their physical properties for various applications. Structural analyses revealed that the films had a tetragonal rutile structure, and while films deposited at lower temperatures exhibited a higher prevalence of (200) oriented planes, yet this decreased with an increase in deposition temperature. Morphological analyses showed that the films consisted of grains with octahedral shapes, and films deposited at lower temperatures were found to be more compact. The films had bandgap energy ranges between 3.96 eV and 4.02 eV. Hall effect measurements revealed that not only the carrier concentration decreased from 4.52 x 10(19) cm(-3) to 0.80 x 10(19) cm(-3), but the mobility also decreased from 23.32 cm(2)/Vs to 12.85 cm(2)/Vs. Among all the films, it was noted that the films deposited at 350 degrees C had the highest figure of merit which is 12.3 x 10(-4) Omega(-1). It can be concluded that the changes underlying these variations are associated with structural and morphological changes depending on the substrate temperature. Also, significant results have been attained in applications where precise control over crystal structure and surface morphology is crucial.Item Preferences for Intuition and Deliberation in Decision-Making in the Public Sector: Cross-Cultural Comparison of China, Taiwan, the Philippines, and the USA(Başkent Üniversitesi İktisadi İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, 2024-02-19) Svenson, Frithiof; Ermasova, Natalia; Cetin, Fatih; Launer, Markus A.This paper explores hypotheses based on Hofstede's cultural framework showing that decision-makers' culture impacts their implicit choice. How people make decisions is tested through the behavioral dimension preference for intuition/preference for deliberation based on data from 1,233 employees in China, Taiwan, the Philippines, and the USA. This study reveals significant variation in individuals' intuitive and affective decision-making in the public sector across different countries. Individuals' deliberative decision-making is impacted by long-term orientation and uncertainty avoidance. The study finds that Eastern countries (China, the Philippines, and Taiwan) have higher scores for intuitive/affective decision making than the Western countries (the USA).Item Functional Connectivity In Rumination: A Systematic Review Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2024-02-18) Misir, Emre; Alici, Yasemin Hosgoren; Kocak, Orhan MuratIntroductionRumination, defined as intrusive and repetitive thoughts in response to negative emotions, uncertainty, and inconsistency between goal and current situation, is a significant risk factor for depressive disorders. The rumination literature presents diverse findings on functional connectivity and shows heterogeneity in research methods. This systematic review seeks to integrate these findings and provide readers diverse perspectives.MethodFor this purpose, the literature on functional connectivity in rumination was reviewed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Regional connectivity and network connectivity results were scrutinized according to the presence of depression, research methods, and type of rumination. After screening 492 articles, a total of 36 studies were included.ResultsThe results showed that increased connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) was consistently reported. Other important findings include alterations in the connectivity between the DMN and the frontoparietal network and the salience network (SN) and impaired regulatory function of the SN. Region-level connectivity studies consistently show that increased connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex is associated with rumination, which may cause the loss of control of the frontoparietal network over self-referential processes. We have seen that the number of studies examining brooding and reflective rumination as separate dimensions are relatively limited. Although there are overlaps between the connectivity patterns of the two types of rumination in these studies, it can be thought that reflective rumination is more associated with more increased functional connectivity of the prefrontal cortex.ConclusionsAlthough there are many consistent functional connectivity outcomes associated with trait rumination, less is known about connectivity changes during state rumination. Relatively few studies have taken into account the subjective aspect of this thinking style. In order to better explain the relationship between rumination and depression, rumination induction studies during episode and remission periods of depression are needed.Item Fault Detection System For Paper Cup Machine Based On Real-Time Image Processing(Başkent Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi, 2024-03-31) Aydin, Alaaddin; Guney, SeldaIn the production of paper cups in industrial factories, it is tried to print high quality cups with less waste loss with the help of sensors and heating resistances mounted on the paper cup machine. In this study, a system that detects faulty products based on image processing and removes it by controlling the machine with servo motors, asynchronous motors and programmable logic controller (PLC) is designed. For fault product detection, classification has been performed using real-time Haarcascade algorithm and You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm which is a deep learning methods, and real-time object detection has been carried out using the OpenCv library. With this study, an effective faulty product detection and removing hardware system was realized by adapting artificial intelligence algorithms to a machine used in industry. Based on the results, a whole system can be applied to systems that involve removing a faulty product from a band in any production, packaging etc. facility is proposed. A hardware consisting of servo motors, asynchronous motors and PLC was designed to separate faulty cups from the existing paper cup production machine in this study. Then, a data set composed of 1068 images was created with images taken from the camera for faulty and faultless paper cups. Using this dataset, the effect of different deep learning methods on performance in the real-time system has been examined and successful results have been obtained. The optimal outcome was achieved, yielding a real-time application accuracy rate of 90.8% through the utilization of the Yolov5x architecture.Item Exploring The Viability Of Alternative Cooling-Lubrication Strategies İn Machining Processes: A Comprehensive Review On The Performance And Sustainability Assessment(Başkent Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi, 2024-02-19) Roy, Soumikh; Das, Anshuman; Kumar, Ramanuj; Das, Sudhansu Ranjan; Rafighi, Mohammad; Sharma, PriyaranjanThis paper explores the challenges of machining difficult-to-cut metals using tools like coated carbide, ceramics, and CBN under dry conditions, addressing issues such as heat generation, tool wear and friction, chip evacuation, surface integrity, vibration, and chatter. Though cutting fluids have historically improved machinability, environmental concerns, such as toxicity and non-biodegradability, are significant. Researchers aim to enhance the economic and ecological aspects of machining by reducing cutting fluid usage. This paper provides an overview of the performance assessment and sustainability evaluation of various cooling and lubrication methods during the machining of hard-to-machine as well as difficult-to-cut metals. Additionally, the literature review highlights various environmentally friendly cooling strategies, such as minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) and cryogenic arrangements. According to the results of this review, the utilization of various cooling and lubrication technologies has the potential to enhance both sustainability and machinability properties while prolonging the lifespan of cutting tools. The findings also show that there is a lot of room for improvement in terms of optimizing and making these cooling-lubrication solutions more practical and effective.Item Comparison of the Post Treatment Outcomes of a Conservative Physiotherapy Protocol for Subacromial Impingement Syndrome in Terms of Acromion Morphology(Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, 2024-04-19) Turhan, Beguemhan; Dogan, Hilal; Maden, CagtayObjective: The present study aimed to compare the results of a conservative physiotherapy (CP) protocol for subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) in terms of the morphological types of acromion. Methods: Fifty patients participated in the present study, and they were divided into 3 groups according to the acromion morphology types. A 8-week CP (4-week treatment period at the clinic and, in addition, an exercise program at home for 4 weeks) was applied to all patients. The patients were evaluated in terms of pain (at rest and activity) by the Visual Analog Scale, range of motion (ROM), joint position sense (laser pointer), muscle strength (digital dinamometer), and functionality (the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, SPADI) before and after the treatment. Result: In the pre- and post-treatment changes (delta), the shoulder flexion angle increased less in the type 3 group than in the type 1 and type 2 groups (p<0.05). In the shoulder abduction angle, there was a similar increase in the type 3 group compared to the type 2 group, while there was less increase in the type 1 group (p<0.05). It was determined that there was more deviation in the change value of shoulder abduction position sense in the type 3 group compared to the other groups (p<0.05). There was no difference between the groups in the change values of pain, muscle strength, or the SPADI score (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Type 3 acromion may have a handicap in improving shoulder flexion and abduction ROM and shoulder abduction position compared to other types.Item Early Breast Development In Girls: The Power Of Greyscale Sonography And Sonoelastography(Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Biimleri Fakültesi, 2024-02-27) Keceli, Merter; Akyurek, NesibeObjective: Accurate distinction between central pubertal precociousness (PP) and premature thelarche (PT) is important to guide treatment. Both greyscale ultrasonography (US) and sonoelastography can be used to examine breast tissue. The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of breast US and strain elastographic (SE) in the diagnosis of increased breast volume in girls. Methods: Sixty-three girls with breast development up to 8 years of age and diagnosed with PP and PT were included in the prospective study. Basal luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and estradiol (E2) values were obtained. Each bud was considered as a unit in US. Mediolateral (ML) and anteroposterior diameters (AP) were measured, and US grading was performed. Breast SE was examined, and strain index (SI) was calculated. US and laboratory findings were compared. Results: Of the 121 buds examined, 39 (32.2%) were with PP (6.97 +/- 2.44 years) and 82 (67.8%) were with PT (6.51 +/- 2.52 years). Diameters were correlated with bone age, LH, FSH, and US grade. The mean AP showed a moderate difference in favour of PP between the groups (P < .06). The mean ML was higher in PP (P < .01). There was a difference in mean SI values (P < .004). Sensitivity and specificity were 71% and 61% for ML and 72% and 56% for SI, respectively. Conclusion: Both ML and US grading may help discriminate PP from PT. The role of sonoelastography requires further investigation.