Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi / Faculty of Letters and Science
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11727/1396
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Item The Influence of Gender Roles on Eating Attitudes: A Study Among Female College Students Abstract(Başkent Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2024-10-12) Ozel, B.; Alici, Y. Hosgoren; Kocak, O. M.; Ceran, S.Item The Influence of Gender Roles on Eating Attitudes: A Study Among Female College Students(Başkent Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2024-10-12) Ozel, B.; Alici, Y. Hosgoren; Kocak, O. M.Item Is There A Relationship Between The Severity Of Disease İn Major Depressive Disorder Patients And Dry Eye Disease?(Başkent Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2024-04-05) Gokce, Gizem Dogan; Metin, MervePurposeTo investigate dry eye disease (DED) in newly diagnosed patients with depressive disorder (MDD). MethodThis observational study included 48 MDD patients in Group 1 and 20 healthy controls in Group 2. Psychiatric and ophthalmic examinations, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Schirmer's test, tear breakup time (TBUT), Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), and ocular staining were conducted. The results were statistically compared. ResultsThe participants, comprising 32 men and 36 women, had a mean age of 31.08 +/- 11.7 years (18-64 years). Group 1 had a mean BDI score of 30.87 +/- 8.56, while Group 2 had a score of 1.3 +/- 1.3 (p < 0.001). In Group 1, 28 patients were diagnosed with DED, whereas in Group 2, six subjects were diagnosed with DED. The mean Schirmer's results in Group 1 and Group 2 were (mm/5 min) 10.87 +/- 2.44 and 12.70 +/- 2.3, respectively, and were significantly lower in Group 1 (p < 0.001). The mean OSDI scores in Group 1 (34.95 +/- 15.8) were significantly higher compared to Group 2 (3.2 +/- 3.1) (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in mean TBUT between Group 1 (9.41 +/- 2.6 s) and Group 2 (9.8 +/- 0.61 s) (p > 0.05). Significant correlations were found between BDI scores and Schirmer's results as well as OSDI scores (p < 0.05, p = 0.02, respectively). No statistically significant correlations were found between BDI scores and TBUT or MGD (p > 0.05). ConclusionDED was found to be more prevalent in the MDD group. The severity of MDD and DED, as indicated by BDI, OSDI, and Schirmer's results, was found to be correlated. It was observed that patients with higher depression scores had more severe dry eye. As a result, we recommend performing ophthalmic examinations in newly diagnosed MDD patients.Item The Detect Consensus Report on Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Its Management Among Turkish Children And Adolescents (Detect: consensus report on ADHD among Turkish youth)(Başkent Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2024-04-07) Ogutlu, Hakan; Kutuk, Ozlem Meryem; Tufan, Ali Evren; Akay, Aynur Pekcanlar; Gundogdu, Ozlem Yildiz; Ercan, Eyup SabriAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and heritable neurodevelopmental disorders which may last through the life-span. A consensus report on diagnosis and management of ADHD among Turkish youth was prepared previously. However, the participants as well as the management options were rather limited and developments in the past decade necessitated a revision and update of the consensus. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the consensus among Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists from Turkiye on the nature and management of pediatric ADHD. For those aims, the etiology of ADHD, diagnostic and evaluation process, epidemiology, developmental presentations, differential diagnoses and comorbidities, course/outcome and pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological management options were reviewed and suggestions for clinical practice are presented. Since ADHD is a chronic disorder with wide-ranging effects on functionality that is frequently accompanied by other mental disorders, a multidimensional therapeutic approach is recommended. However, since the disorder has neurobiological basis, pharmacotherapy represents the mainstay of treatment. Additional therapies may include psychosocial therapy, behavioral therapy, school-based therapeutic approaches, and family education. This review provides recommendations for ADHD at the national and global levels. It contains information about ADHD that will contribute to and facilitate clinicians' decision-making processes. It is advisable to consider this guideline in clinical practice.Item Functional Connectivity In Rumination: A Systematic Review Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2024-02-18) Misir, Emre; Alici, Yasemin Hosgoren; Kocak, Orhan MuratIntroductionRumination, defined as intrusive and repetitive thoughts in response to negative emotions, uncertainty, and inconsistency between goal and current situation, is a significant risk factor for depressive disorders. The rumination literature presents diverse findings on functional connectivity and shows heterogeneity in research methods. This systematic review seeks to integrate these findings and provide readers diverse perspectives.MethodFor this purpose, the literature on functional connectivity in rumination was reviewed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Regional connectivity and network connectivity results were scrutinized according to the presence of depression, research methods, and type of rumination. After screening 492 articles, a total of 36 studies were included.ResultsThe results showed that increased connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) was consistently reported. Other important findings include alterations in the connectivity between the DMN and the frontoparietal network and the salience network (SN) and impaired regulatory function of the SN. Region-level connectivity studies consistently show that increased connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex is associated with rumination, which may cause the loss of control of the frontoparietal network over self-referential processes. We have seen that the number of studies examining brooding and reflective rumination as separate dimensions are relatively limited. Although there are overlaps between the connectivity patterns of the two types of rumination in these studies, it can be thought that reflective rumination is more associated with more increased functional connectivity of the prefrontal cortex.ConclusionsAlthough there are many consistent functional connectivity outcomes associated with trait rumination, less is known about connectivity changes during state rumination. Relatively few studies have taken into account the subjective aspect of this thinking style. In order to better explain the relationship between rumination and depression, rumination induction studies during episode and remission periods of depression are needed.Item The Capacitance/Conductance And Surface State Intensity Characteristics Of The Al/(Cmat)/P-Si Structures(Başkent Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2024-02-01) Cetinkaya, H. G.; Bengi, S.; Sevgili, O.; Altindal, S.To determine the Al/(CMAT)/p-Si structure's admittance analysis, capacitance/conductance versus frequency (C/G-V-f) data was obtained in the 3 kHz-3 MHz and -2/4 V ranges at room temperature. The powder form of CeMgAl11O19: Tb (CMAT) was thermally evaporated onto the front of p-Si wafer at 10-6 Torr as interfacial layer. From the Nicollian and Brews method, voltage-dependent spectra of Rs were derived for various frequencies. The parallel conductance and low-high frequency capacitance (CLF-CHF) techniques, respectively, were used to determine the voltage and frequency dependent spectra of Nss and their lifetime (tau). Surface states (Nss), which are identified by admittance measurements, emerge at the M/S interlayer because of high capacitance and conductance values at low frequencies. This can also be explained by the Nss's ability to track ac signals well at lower frequencies. The normalized parallel conductance versus frequency (Gp/omega-f) plot under various biases shows a peak because of Nss existence. x-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used for structural investigation and the average crystal size (D) of the nanocrystals (CMAT) was found to be less than 0.34 nm by using the Debye-Scherer's equation.Item A Partial Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Signature For Highly Aggressive Colorectal Cancer Cells That Survive Under Nutrient Restriction(JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY, 2024-01-24) Pastorino, Gil A.; Sheraj, Ilir; Oral, Goksu; Gulec Taskiran, Aliye Ezgi; Palmisano, Ralph; Schneider-Stock, ReginePartial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (p-EMT) has recently been identified as a hybrid state consisting of cells with both epithelial and mesenchymal characteristics and is associated with the migration, metastasis, and chemoresistance of cancer cells. Here, we describe the induction of p-EMT in starved colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and identify a p-EMT gene signature that can predict prognosis. Functional characterisation of starvation-induced p-EMT in HCT116, DLD1, and HT29 cells showed changes in proliferation, morphology, and drug sensitivity, supported by in vivo studies using the chorioallantoic membrane model. An EMT-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) array was used to screen for deregulated genes, leading to the establishment of an in silico gene signature that was correlated with poor disease-free survival in CRC patients along with the CRC consensus molecular subtype CMS4. Among the significantly deregulated p-EMT genes, a triple-gene signature consisting of SERPINE1, SOX10, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was identified. Starvation-induced p-EMT was characterised by increased migratory potential and chemoresistance, as well as E-cadherin processing and internalisation. Both gene signature and E-cadherin alterations could be reversed by the proteasomal inhibitor MG132. Spatially resolving EGFR expression with high-resolution immunofluorescence imaging identified a proliferation stop in starved CRC cells caused by EGFR internalisation. In conclusion, we have gained insight into a previously undiscovered EMT mechanism that may become relevant when tumour cells are under nutrient stress, as seen in early stages of metastasis. Targeting this process of tumour cell dissemination might help to prevent EMT and overcome drug resistance. (c) 2024 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.Item Mass Migration Governance And Openness Toward Refugees: Comparing Germany And Turkey(INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION, 2024-01-22) Erden, Yigit; Ozcurumez, SaimeThis study seeks answers to the question: 'Under what conditions do communities with migration experience in refugee-receiving states become more open toward accepting more refugees and why?'. The research seeks answers to this question by examining the attitudes of individuals (N = 37) from Turkey who have been living in Germany for at least a year and who have sufficient familiarity with the characteristics of governance of mass migration in both countries. The findings suggest that the respondents are more pessimistic about the consequences of Turkey accepting more refugees in the future, while they are optimistic about the outcomes of the arrival of more refugees in Germany. This study posits that receiving communities' perceptions about the host state's regulatory and institutional capacity in managing mass migration and integration of refugees shape their attitudes toward the possibility of the influx of more refugees over time. The findings indicate that efficient mass migration governance in a receiving state is identified through four characteristics: (i) admission of educated refugees, (ii) proper refugee registration procedures, (iii) systematic integration processes, and (iv) effective monitoring and law enforcement mechanisms. The study concludes that local communities view public authorities as the key actors in managing the consequences of mass migration and establishing and sustaining good mass migration governance at the receiving state level is likely to facilitate positive attitudes towards accepting more refugees.Item Investigation Of Possible Use Of Pheromone Trap For Adult Population Development And Control Of Ips Sexdentatus (Börner, 1776) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Damaging Black Pine In Başkent University Bağlica Campus Afforestation Area(TURKIYE ENTOMOLOJI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, 2024-04-12) Erdogan, CemThe six -toothed pine bark beetle, Ips sexdentatus (Borner, 1776) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), is one of the important pests of Pinus and Picea species in the forests of Turkiye. Baskent University Baglica Campus was established in 1993 and approximately 5 million trees have been planted in the area to date, including those that have dried up. Pheromone traps were hung in campus for monitoring the adult population development, determining the flight activities of the insect and controlling it on IPM principles. The first adult emergence of I. sexdentatus in Baglica took place in the first half of April, the highest flight activity was in April. Ips sexdentatus produced three generations in the region. The highest numbers of adults caught in traps were 741 (27 July 2021) and 421 (25 April 2022), respectively. In the Baglica Campus, a total of over 19,000 insects were caught and eliminated. Almost 328 tC of carbon stock was preserved and prevented from being released into nature and at least 11.100 black pine trees were saved or 26.640 USD was contributed to the economy. Using pheromone traps for the control of I. sexdentatus is recommended as a sustainable method that protects biodiversity, without any disturbance of the ecological balance.Item Evaluation of The Use of Plant Protection Products in Türkiye and in The World and Recommendations(KSU TARIM VE DOGA DERGISI-KSU JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURE, 2024-04-17) Cem-ErdoganThe agricultural sector faces a wide range of local and global risks such as increasing food demand, rapid increase in world population, gradual decrease in fertile agricultural land, loss of biodiversity, environmental pollution, climate change, drought, increasing number of harmful organisms limiting crop production, resistance to plant protection products (PPPs), negative effects of PPPs on beneficial insects, residue, young population moving away from agriculture, etc. Nowadays, chemical control is the most preferred method of controlling diseases, pests and weeds that affect yield and quality in agricultural production, and Plant Protection Products (PPPs) are used. In 2022, 55,374 tonnes of PPP was used in our Turkiye. In Turkiye, PPP usage in the rate per hectare is 2.26 kg/ha, which is quite low compared to developed countries. However, in the Mediterranean, Aegean and Marmara regions where agricultural production activities are intensively carried out, the amount of PPP consumption is high. The use of PPP by groups in the world, it has increased by 53% to 111% compared to the 1990s. The use of PPPs in agriculture in the world is 3.5 million tonnes of active ingredients in 2021 with an increase of 4% compared to 2020, and the total pesticide trade is 7.1 million tonnes of formulated products with a total value of 43.2 billion USD. In this study, the use of PPPs in the world and our country was analysed and recommendations were made.