Tıp Fakültesi / Faculty of Medicine
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11727/1403
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Item Uterine Perforation During 3-Dimensional Image-Guided Brachytherapy in Patients With Cervical Cancer Baskent University Experience(2014) Onal, Cem; Guler, Ozan Cem; Dolek, Yemliha; Erbay, Gurcan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2742-9021; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-3412; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1706-8680; 24407583; HOC-5611-2023; AAC-5654-2020; AAK-5370-2021Objectives This study aimed to determine the incidence and characteristics of uterine perforation at our department using 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT)-based brachytherapy (BRT). The characteristics of the patients presenting with perforation and impact of the perforation on the treatment course were also analyzed. Materials and Methods The clinical and radiologic data of 200 patients with biopsy-proven cervical cancer treated using CT-based BRT were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had undergone tandem-based intracavitary BRT, and 67 patients had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before BRT. Results Of the 200 patients, 17 (8.5%) had uterine perforation. Of the 626 applications with CT images, 30 (4.8%) resulted in uterine perforation. The median age of patients with perforation was higher (68 years; range, 44-89 years) than that of the patients without perforation (59 years; range, 21-87 years), and the mean (SD) tumor size at diagnosis was larger in patients with perforation (7.0 [1.5] cm) than in patients without perforation (5.0 [1.5] cm). The most frequent perforation site was the posterior uterine wall (8 patients), followed by the fundus (5 patients) and anterior wall (4 patients). Of the 7 patients with a retroverted uterus, 4 had uterine perforation during BRT. In 67 patients with MRI delivered before BRT, only 3 (4%) had uterine perforation, and 2 of the 3 patients with uterine perforation had a retroverted uterus. However, of the 133 patients with no MRI evaluation before BRT, 14 (11%) had uterine perforation. No life-threatening complications or signs of intraperitoneal tumor cell seeding were observed. Conclusions Older age, larger tumors, a retroverted uterus, and a stenotic cervical os were all predisposing factors for uterine perforation during BRT. Preoperative MRI is a feasible and safe method to decrease the risks of uterine perforation and could be used preoperatively in centers where intraoperative ultrasonography is not used in routine practice.Item Definitive Chemoradiotherapy in Elderly Cervical Cancer Patients: A Multiinstitutional Analysis(2017) Guler, Ozan Cem; Sari, Sezin Yuce; Birgi, Sumerya Duru; Gultekin, Melis; Yildiz, Ferah; Onal, Cem; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2742-9021; 28604459; D-5195-2014Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the prognostic factors for survival and treatment-related toxicities in older (65 years) cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. In addition, we sought to compare the outcomes between the older elderly (75 years) and their younger old counterparts (age, 65-74 years). Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records from 269 biopsy-proven nonmetastatic cervical cancer patients treated with external radiotherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy at the departments of radiation oncology in 2 different universities. The prognostic factors for survival, local control, and distant metastasis (DM) were analyzed. Results The median follow-up time was 38.8 months (range, 1.5-175.5 months) for the entire cohort and 70.0 months (range, 6.1-175.7 months) for survivors. The 2- and 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and cause-specific survival rates were 66% and 42%, 63% and 39%, and 72% and 55%, respectively. Patients 75 years or older showed significantly worse OS compared with patients aged 65 to 74 years but showed no significant difference in DFS. The 2- and 5-year local control rates were 86% and 71%, respectively. The incidences of DMs at 2 and 5 years were 22% and 30%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, vaginal infiltration and lymph node metastasis were predictive of OS, DFS, local recurrence, and DM. Concomitant chemotherapy was predictive of OS, DFS, and local recurrence, and larger tumor (>4 cm) was a significant prognostic factor for local recurrence. None of the patients had toxicity that necessitated the discontinuation of radiotherapy. All patients were evaluable for acute toxicity, and no grade higher than 3 adverse events occurred during external beam radiation therapy or brachytherapy. Conclusions Although age limited the delivery of aggressive treatment, concurrent chemoradiotherapy in elderly patients associated with improved outcomes similar as in younger counterparts without increasing serious acute and late toxicities.Item The Utility of Pretreatment and Posttreatment Lymphopenia in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated With Definitive Chemoradiotherapy(2018) Onal, Cem; Yildirim, Berna Akkus; Guler, Ozan Cem; Mertsoylu, Huseyin; 0000-0002-2742-9021; 0000-0001-6661-4185; 0000-0002-1932-9784; 30247248; D-5195-2014; V-5717-2017; M-9530-2014Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of pretreatment and posttreatment lymphopenia in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (ChRT). Methods: Data from 95 patients with SCC were retrospectively analyzed. Relationships between pretreatment or posttreatment lymphopenia and patient or tumor characteristics, and overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated. Results: Median follow-ups for the entire cohort and survivors were 68 months (range, 3-133 months) and 88 months (range, 22-133 months), respectively. Ten patients (11%) exhibited pretreatment lymphopenia, whereas 58 patients (61%) exhibited posttreatment lymphopenia. Median pretreatment total lymphocyte counts decreased from 2029 cells/mu L to 506 cells/mu L 2 months after ChRT (P < 0.001). The 5-year OS and DFS rates were significantly higher in patients without pretreatment lymphopenia compared with patients with pre-retreatment lymphopenia (61% vs 20% [P < 0.001], 55% vs 20% [P < 0.001]). Patients without posttreatment lymphopenia had significantly higher 5-year OS and DFS rates than their counterparts (70% vs 46% [P = 0.02], 70% vs 39% [P = 0.004]). Complete response (CR) was observed in significantly fewer patients with pretreatment lymphopenia than in those without, after ChRT. Patients with posttreatment lymphopenia had higher rates of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001) and lower posttreatment CR rates (P = 0.01) versus patients without posttreatment lymphopenia. In univariate analysis, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and treatment response were prognostic for OS and DFS. In multivariate analysis, pretreatment lymphopenia, lymph node metastasis, and treatment response were independent predictors of OS and DFS. Age was predictive of OS. Tumor size was prognostic for DFS. Conclusions: Pretreatment lymphopenia and posttreatment lymphopenia are associated with worse treatment response in patients given ChRT for cervical SCC. Pretreatment lymphopenia is predictive for OS and DFS. Therapeutic strategies including pretreatment or posttreatment immune preservation or modulation may improve response rates and survival in women with cervical SCC.Item The Impact Of Serum Albumin-To-Alkaline Phosphatase Ratio In Cervical Cancer Patients Treated With Definitive Chemoradiotherapy(2022) Onal, Cem; Gultekin, Melis; Yavas, Guler; Oymak, Ezgi; Sari, Sezin Yuce; Guler, Ozan Cem; Yigit, Ecem; Yildiz, Ferah; 35653776We retrospectively analysed the prognostic significance of serum albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and albumin to ALP ratio (AAPR) and other prognostic factors affecting the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in 200 cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). The prognostic factors for OS and DFS, in addition to the predictive factors of albumin, ALP and AAPR, were investigated. Older age, lymph node metastasis, non-complete response (CR) to treatment and low serum albumin levels emerged as predictors of poor OS and PFS in multivariate analysis. However, with a cut-off value of 0.51, AAPR was not a significant prognostic factor of survival in multivariable analysis. There were no significant differences in clinicopathological factors between patients with low and high AAPR, except for lymph node metastasis, where lymph node metastasis rate was significantly higher in patients with a low AAPR compared to those with a high AAPR. Patients with CR had a significantly higher serum albumin level and AAPR compared to patients without CR. The pre-treatment serum albumin level was independent predictive for survival; therefore, it could be a suitable biomarker to guide systemic therapy and predict patient outcomes. Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? Two major determinants of tumour progression are nutritional status and inflammation. The albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR), which was originally proposed as a marker for nutritional status and immune response, was recently discovered to be a prognostic factor for various cancer types. However, its utility in the treatment of cervical cancer has not been established. What do the results of this study add? Low serum albumin levels were associated with a significantly shorter OS and PFS in cervical cancer patients treated definitively with CRT. AAPR, on the other hand, was not a significant prognostic factor for survival with a cut-off value of 0.51. Regional lymph node metastasis was significantly more common in patients with a low AAPR than in those with a high AAPR. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Patients with multiple clinicopathological risk factors and low serum albumin levels had an increased risk of disease recurrence and a poorer prognosis, highlighting the importance of additional adjuvant treatment strategies in these patients. Due to the preliminary nature of our findings, additional research is required to corroborate them.Item Prognostic values of ADC(mean) and SUVmax of the primary tumour in cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy(2019) Yildirim, Berna Akkus; Onal, Cem; Erbay, Gurcan; Guler, Ozan Cem; Karadeli, Elif; Reyhan, Mehmet; Koc, Zafer; 0000-0002-2742-9021; 0000-0003-0987-1980; 30354907; D-5195-2014; S-8384-2016We analysed the correlation of F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake into primary tumours using the maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) and the mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC(mean)) values in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the clinical and pathological factors in patients with cervical cancer who were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The patients were stratified according to the primary tumour pre-treatment ADC(mean) and SUVmax cut-off values. There were significant correlations between the SUVmax of the primary tumour and tumour size, and the treatment response. The correlation between the ADC(mean) and FIGO stage, tumour size, and the lymph node metastasis was significant. The SUVmax was significantly and inversely correlated with the ADC(mean) for cervical cancer (r = -0.44, p <.001). In the multivariate analysis, the primary tumour ADC(mean), treatment response and the lymph node metastasis emerged as significant independent predictors of both OS and DFS, and of the primary tumour SUVmax for DFS. Tumour size has a borderline significance for OS. High SUVmax and low ADC(mean) of the primary tumour are important predictive factors for identifying high-risk patients with cervical cancer who are treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy. These results point to a future role for the diffusion-weighted MRI and for F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, not only in the staging of cervical cancer but as an aid in the selection of an adjuvant treatment regimen after chemoradiotherapy for individual patients.Item The prognostic value of haematologic parameter changes during treatment in cervical cancer patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy(2019) Yildirim, Berna A.; Guler, Ozan Cem; Kose, Fatih; Onal, Cem; 0000-0001-6908-3412; 0000-0002-0156-5973; 31023114; AAC-5654-2020We retrospectively analysed the prognostic significance of changes in absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) during treatment with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in 104 cervical cancer patients. The absolute white blood cell, ANC and ALC decrease during treatment, NLR increased throughout treatment and reached to a plateau at fifth week. The ANC and NLR after 3rd week of definitive CRT were significantly higher and ALC after 3rd week of treatment was significantly lower in patients with progressive disease compared patients with no evidence of disease. Patients in low-haematological risk (LHR) group had significantly higher number of patients with smaller tumour size, early stage disease and without lymph node metastasis. In multivariate analysis, high-haematological risk (HHR) group and lymph node metastasis were negative prognosticators of overall and disease-free survival (DFS). The presence of lymph node metastasis and HHR could serve as a predicative factor of poor prognosis for cervical cancer patients.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? The ANC and NLR after 3rd week of definitive CRT were significantly higher and ALC after 3rd week of treatment was significantly lower in patients with progressive disease compared patients with no evidence of disease. Patients in LHR group had significantly higher number of patients with smaller tumour size, early stage disease and without lymph node metastasis. Lymph node metastasis and HHR and were negative prognosticators of overall and disease-free survival (DFS). The presence of lymph node metastasis and HHR could serve as a predicative factor of poor prognosis for cervical cancer patients.What the results of this study add? Weekly changes in ANC, ALC, and NLR, especially after 3rd week of treatment are predictive factors of disease progression, not the high-risk features of disease. Furthermore, in HHR group more patients with extensive stage disease, larger tumour and lymph node metastasis were observed compared to LHR group.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The patients may be stratified according to risk factors. The treatment intensification maybe required for HHR patients compared to LHR patients. Since our findings are preliminary, further studies are required to support these findings.