Impact of fasting during Ramadan in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Purpose: Fasting during Ramadan is a religious obligation for Muslims. Extended fasting can create undesirable acute complications of diabetes such as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. In this study we aimed to evaluate the impact of fasting on glucose regulation in diabetic patients who fast during Ramadan.

Materials and Methods: Patients were informed about the possible side effects of fasting for them and those who stated that they will be fasting during Ramadan were called one month after Ramadan. In this retrospective cohort study by telephone interview, the number of fasting days, daily measurements of glucose, the number of acute complications if existed and whether the patients have changed their treatments were asked.

Results: Forty six patients were included in this study. Mean age was 54.3 +/- 9.5 yr. The average fasting day was 25.24 +/- 2.4. They were categorized according to the risk stratifications. The number of hypoglycemic events was not higher than detected six months prior to the Ramadan. Most of the patients had hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia. All of the patients who had hypo-or hyperglycemia did not interrupt their fasting and did not change their medications.

Conclusion: Patients who fasted during Ramadan have a tendency both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. To improve glycemic regulation and keep these patients in a safe and acceptable glucose range, Pre-Ramadan education is necessary.