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    Role Of Sulfur Metabolism In Acquiring Of Boron Tolerance In Arabidopsis Thaliana
    (TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 2024) Yirmibes, Seda; Kayihan, Ceyhun; Cicek, Nuran; Ekmekci, Yasemin
    The purpose of this study was to assess whether sulfate treatment (pre- and combined) caused changes in the tolerance against boron (B) toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana at the physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Germinated plants were grown in a controlled climate chamber (22 +/- 1 degrees C temperature, 16/8 s photoperiod, 200 mu mol m -2 s -1 light intensity and 50%-60% humidity) for 12 days. The sulfate pretreatment groups (PS-3B and PS-5B) were then transferred to nutrient medium containing Mg2SO4- type sulfate for 3 days. Afterward, they were transferred to petri dishes containing different boron concentrations (3 and 5 mM H3BO3), along with the nonpretreatment and combined (S+3B and S+5B) treatment groups, and exposed to boron toxicity for 10 days. The leaf area, plant biomass, and total chlorophyll content decreased significantly depending on the accumulation of B. Toxic levels of B adversely affected the structure and functionality of the photosynthetic apparatus. Changes were seen in the specific and phenomenological energy fluxes, quantum yields, and efficiency of the photosystem II (PSII) donor and acceptor sides. These changes led to decreases in the photosynthetic performance of the plants. Although B toxicity adversely affected the integrity of the membrane and the amount of photosynthetic pigment in the antenna and reaction centers (RCs), this effect was not at a level that completely blocked the functionality of the photosystems, and this negative effect was alleviated with the sulfate treatment. The increases in the antioxidant enzyme activities (especially peroxidase) and phenolic compounds with the sulfate treatment may have provided tolerance against toxicity and oxidative damage by regulating the defense systems. Moreover, B toxicity affected the relative expression of genes related to sulfate uptake, transport, and sulfur metabolism. In fact, the genes of sulfate transporters ( SULTR ); SULTR3;1, SULTR3;3, and SULTR3;5 were more expressed in PS-B group. The glutamate cysteine ligase (GSH1) and glutathione synthetase 1 (GSH2) relative gene expressions were increased in the treatment groups, indicating induced glutathione metabolism. In conclusion, plants may have acquired tolerance against B toxicity by assimilating sulfate, especially that provided by sulfate pretreatment.
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    Role of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Mammaglobin-A Gene in Nasal Polyposis: A Case Control Study
    (2020) Oz, Isilay; Ozdas, Sibel; Bastimur, Sibel; Ozdas, Talih; Muz, Sami Engin; Atilla, Huntuk; Kurt, Kenan; Erbek, Selim; 0000-0003-4825-3499; 0000-0002-7380-4566; B-7604-2019; AAJ-1452-2021
    Objective: Nasal Polyposis (NP) is a chronic inflammatory disease and genetic factors play an important role in the pathophysiology. Mammaglobin-A (MGA) gene expression was significantly higher in patients with NP and chronic rhinosinusitis compared to normal mucosa. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MGA gene and nasal polyposis in the Turkish population. Materials and Methods: A total of 87 patients diagnosed with NP and 60 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Genotypes of MGA promoter SNPs c38C>G, c.21C>T, c55+186G>A and c.243+230A>T were determined by light SNP ASSAY after real time PCR analysis using genomic DNA samples obtained from the peripheral blood samples of all participants. Results: A total of 87 NP patients, 51 male and 36 female, with a mean age of 38.18 +/- 9.5 years were included in the study. No significant difference was determined at all positions c38C>G, c.21C>T, c55+186G>A and c.243+230A>T in nasal polyp patients compared to controls with and without allergic rhinitis (AR). Conclusion: MGA gene c38C>G, c.21C>T, c55 + 186G>A, and c.243 + 230A>T genotypes did not appear to be associated with susceptibility to NP with and without AR in our study population.