Fakülteler / Faculties
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Item The Protective Effect of Prophylactic Ozone Administration Against Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury(2017) Kal, Ali; Kal, Oznur; Akillioglu, Ishak; Celik, Esin; Yilmaz, Mustafa; Gonul, Saban; Solmaz, Merve; Onal, Ozkan; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-5790; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-4961; 27028056; AAJ-4936-2021; AAJ-7586-2021Introduction: Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with many ocular diseases. Retinal IR injury leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), loss of retinal function and ultimately vision loss. The aim of this study was to show the protective effects of prophylactic ozone administration against retinal IR injury.Materials and methods: A sham group (S) (n=7) was administered physiological saline (PS) intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 d. An ischemia reperfusion (IR) group (n=7) was subjected to retinal ischemia followed by reperfusion for 2h. An ozone group (O) (n=7) was administered 1mg/kg of ozone i.p. for 7 d. In the ozone+IR (O+IR) group (n=7), 1mg/kg of ozone was administered i.p. for 7 d before the IR procedure and at 8 d, the IR injury was created (as in IR group). The rats were anesthetized after second hour of reperfusion and their intracardiac blood was drawn completely and they were sacrificed. Blood samples were sent to a laboratory for analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant score (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The degree of retinal injury was evaluated according to changes in retinal cells and necrotic and apoptotic cells using the TUNEL method. Data were evaluated statistically with the Kruskal-Wallis test.Results: The number of RGCs and the inner retinal thickness were significantly decreased after ischemia, and treatment with ozone significantly inhibited retinal ischemic injury. In the IR group, the degree of retinal injury was found to be the highest. In the O+IR group, retinal injury was found to be decreased in comparison to the IR group. In the ozone group without retinal IR injury, the retinal injury score was the lowest. The differences in the antioxidant parameters SOD, GSH-Px and TAC were increased in the ozone group and the lowest in the IR group. The oxidant parameters MDA and TOS were found to be the highest in the IR group and decreased in the ozone group.Discussion: IR injury is also positively correlated with the degree of early apoptosis. This study demonstrated that ozone can attenuate subsequent ischemic damage in the rat retina through triggering the increase of the antioxidant capacity.Item Food plant with antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory and antimelanoma activity: Prunus mahaleb L(2022) Guven, Zuhal Bayrakceken; Dogan, Zeynep; Saracoglu, Iclal; Picot, Laurent; Nagatsu, Akito; Basaran, A. AhmetPrunus mahaleb L. seeds are used as spice and folk remedies in many countries. The aim of this study was bioactivity guided isolation and characterization phytoconstituents of P. mahaleb which have been studied very limited so far. The antioxidant capacities of seed and kernel (endocarp) extracts were studied by DPPH, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide (SO), TEAC, CUPRAC methods. The antiproliferative activity were investigated for the first time against B16F10, A2058, HeLa and L929 cell lines using MTT assay. Gallic acid and ursolic acid which have strong antioxidant and cell growth inhibitory effect, were isolated from the most active fractions. From the inactive fractions, quercetin-3-O(2-O,6-O-alpha-dirhamnopyranosyl beta-glucopyranoside), kaempferol-3-O(2-O,6-O alpha-dirhamnopyranosyl beta-glucopyranoside) and beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside were isolated. Our study is the first record for the isolation of ursolic acid from all parts of P. mahaleb, gallic acid from P. mahaleb kernels, two flavonol triglycosides from the Prunus species and their analysis by advanced NMR spectroscopic methods. Ursolic acid (IC50 : 170.2 mu M) and gallic acid (IC50 : 10.5 mu M) showed strong tyrosinase inhibition, gallic acid being 5.4 times more effective than standard compound. Kernel extracts have strong antioxidant activity, showed high growth inhibitory activity with dose-dependent manner on melanoma cells but no growth inhibitory on healthy L929 and HeLa cancer cells. The high antioxidant capacity of kernel, its selective growth inhibition of B16F10 and A2058 melanoma cells and its strong tyrosinase inhibitory compounds suggest that it could be a new, non-toxic and inexpensive resource for melanoma treatment and cosmetic industry.Item Assessment of the Physicochemical and Antioxidant Profile of Dried Goji Berries(2021) Agagunduz, Duygu; Koseler-Beyaz, Esra; Duman, Sinem; 0000-0003-0010-0012; AAS-9583-2020This study aimed to determine the physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of the dry goji berry fruit. Sun-dried goji berry fruits (Lycium barbarum) harvested in Manisa-Turkey and sold in the local market were collected. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay was utilized for antioxidant activity. 2,6 dichlorophenolindophenol spectrophotometric method was used in the ascorbic acid analysis. Mineral contents and the percentage contribution to the recommended daily allowance (RDA) of dry fruits were determined. TPC values of samples were 207.2 +/- 1.51 mg GAE/100 g and their antioxidant activities were found to be 32.6 +/- 1.82 mu mol TE/g. The fruit samples of 100 gram included 31.0 +/- 1.62 mg of ascorbic acid. Mineral contents and the percentage contribution to the RDA of 100 grams of dry goji berry fruits were as follows: calcium:49.0 mg (5.0%), phosphorus:370.0 mg (67.2%), sodium:1.32 mg (94.2%), potassium: 193.0 mg (>4000%), magnesium:120.0 mg (36.9%), iron:0.04 mg (0.3%), copper: 0.01 mg (0.7%) and manganese:0.008 mg (0.26%), The results of the present study suggest that goji berry cultivated in not only Asia but also Turkey certainly deserve further investigation because it contains a significant amount of vitamin C and some essential minerals, and with its phenolic content/antioxidant capacity even if it is traditionally sun-dried.Item Amifostine enhances the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of UW and HTK preservation solutions(2014) Akbulut, Sami; Sevmis, Sinasi; Karayakali, Hamdi; Bayraktar, Nilufer; Unlukaplan, Muge; Oksuz, Ergun; Dagdeviren, Atilla; 25232264AIM: To investigate whether amifostine contributes to the antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) and University of Wisconsin (UW) preservation solutions. METHODS: Forty-eight Sprague Dawley male rats were equally divided into six groups: (1) ringer Lactate (RL) group; (2) RL + amifostine (RL + A) group; (3) HTK group; (4) HTK + A group; (5) UW group; and (6) UW + A group. Rats in the RL + A, HTK + A and UW + A groups were administered amifostine intraperitoneally at a dose of 200 mg/kg prior to laparotomy. The RL group was perfused with RL into the portal vein. The RL + A group were perfused with RL into the portal vein after amifostine administration. The HTK group received an HTK perfusion while the HTK + A group received an HTK perfusion after administration of amifostine. The UW group received a perfusion of UW, while the UW + A group received a UW perfusion after amifostine administration. Liver biopsy was performed to investigate histopathological, immunochemical [transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), inducible nitric oxide syntetase (iNOS)] and ultrastructural alterations. Biochemical alterations were determined by examining levels of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and nitric oxide in the perfusion fluid. RESULTS: Pathological sinusoidal dilatation and centrilobular hydropic alteration were significantly lower in the groups that received amifostine prior to preservation solution perfusion. Although the best results were obtained in the UW + A group, we did not observe a statistically significant difference between the UW + A and HTK + A groups. iNOS grades were significantly lower in the amifostine groups 12 h after treatment. When the amifostine groups were compared against each other, the iNOS grades obtained from the UW + A and HTK + A groups were similar while the RL + A group had a much poorer score. TUNEL assays demonstrated a lower apoptosis ratio in the amifostine groups than in the non-amifostine groups 12 h after treatment. No statistically significant difference was observed between the UW + A and HTK + A groups for apoptosis. Cellular ultrastructure was best preserved in the UW + A and HTK + A groups. CONCLUSION: Here, we show that preoperative administration of a single dose of amifostine is sufficient to minimize the preservation damage in hepatic cells. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.Item Therapeutic evaluation of interleukin 1-beta antagonist Anakinra against traumatic brain injury in rats(2015) Hasturk, Askin Esen; Yilmaz, Erdal Resit; Turkoglu, Erhan; Kertmen, Hayri; Horasanli, Bahriye; Hayirli, Nazli; Erguder, Imge Berrin; Evirgen, Oya; 25779705BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of Anakinra, an IL-1 beta antagonist with anti-inflammatory effects, in an experimental model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: Fifty-four rats underwent TBI after a weighted object was dropped onto a metal disc secured to their skulls. Animals were randomized into 3 main groups: control (n=18), TBI + saline (n=18; six animals per time-point) with samples obtained at the first, sixth and twenty-fourth h postoperatively, and TBI + Anakinra (n=18; six animals per time-point) with brain samples obtained at the first, sixth and twenty-fourth h postoperatively. Brain tissue and blood serum were extracted for the analysis of IL-1 beta, malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels. Tissue sections were evaluated histopathologically under a light microscope. RESULTS: After trauma, tissue and serum IL-1 beta levels were significantly elevated and after Anakinra administration, these levels substantially decreased. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity decreased following TBI and Anakinra administration proved effective in increasing the activity of these antioxidant enzymes. Histopathological analysis confirmed that Anakinra might protect the brain tissue and nerve cells from injury. CONCLUSION: Results demonstrate that Anakinra reduces the development of inflammation and tissue injury events associated with TBI.Item The Effect of Pycnogenol (R) on Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats with Experimental Closed Head Injury(2017) Kayipmaz, Afsin Emre; Erdem, Remzi; Yilmaz, Cem; Deniz, Emine Ebru; Kavalci, Cemil; Ozdemir, Alperen; Guler, Irem; Caferoglu, Eda; Kalyoncu, Fatma Serra; Guven, Ozgur; 0000-0002-2353-8044; AAK-2948-2021; AAC-2597-2020Aim: Trauma is a leading cause of emergency admissions. In this study, we investigated the effect of Pycnogenol (R) on spatial learning and memory (SLM) function in rats subjected to closed head injury. Methods: The study was a randomized, experimental study of four groups, each containing six rats. Pycnogenol (R) was administered to rats in two groups (group three and four) daily for five days starting on day one. A Barnes maze was used to test SLM in the rats in all four groups. Group 1: These rats did not have a closed head injury and were not administered Pycnogenol (R). Group 2: On the day three, closed head trauma was inflicted. Group 3: Pycnogenol (R) was administered to the rats. On day three, closed head trauma was inflicted. Group 4: Only Pycnogenol (R) was administered. At the end of day five, the brain tissue of the 24 rats was removed. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in mean SLM durations on days one through five. No significant differences were detected in the pathological examination between of the four groups. Conclusion: Future studies that employ biochemical markers and free radical levels in the brain are needed.Item The Effects of Proanthocyanidin on Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoidal Hemorrhage in Rats(2018) Yilmaz, Cem; Cansever, Tufan; Kırceli, Atilla; Ozen, Ozlem Isiksacam; Aydemir, Fatih; Akar, Aykan; Caner, Hakan; 30192366AIM: Delayed ischemic neurological deficit (DIND) and cerebral vasospasm (CV) remain the most common and debilitating neurological complications following aneurysmal subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH). Many reports demonstrate the importance of proanthocyanidins (PR) on the vascular system, including endothelium-dependent relaxation of blood vessels. These effects of PR on the cerebral vascular system were examined in this study. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifty-two adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were used for the experimental double hemorrhage model. They were divided to control, sham, pre- and post-interventional treatment groups. 100 mg/kg PR was administered for the treatment for respect to groups. Basilar artery diameter (BAD) and arterial wall thickness were measured and the apoptosis ratio of the endothelial cells was calculated. Arterial walls were examined electron microscopically (EM). RESULTS: There were significant differences between the groups except control and pre-SAH (p=0.37) and post-SAH and preSAH groups (p=0.15) with respect to BAD. According to arterial wall thickness, apoptosis ratio, and grading, there were significant differences between the groups except control and pre-SAH (p=0.85, p=0.49 and p=0.18 respectively) and SAH and post-SAH (p=0.08, p=0.21 and p=0.24 respectively) groups. EM findings revealed that pro-apoptotic and pro-necrotic degenerated endothelial cells with seldom vacuolization in post-SAH treatment group which were more serious in SAH group. CONCLUSION: Pre-SAH administration of PR induces better vasodilatation and protection of basilar artery (BA) from vasospasm (VS), which could yield neuroprotective and vasodilatator effects. In addition, PR appears to be involved in relieving oxidative damage, with an antioxidant-antiapoptotic-antinecrotic effect that may contribute to vascular dilation.