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Item Sıçan kornea epitel defekti iyileşme modelinde topikal insülin tedavisinin etkinliğinin incelenmesi ve topikal hiyalüronat tedavisi ile etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması(Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2024) Tortumlu, Gökhan; Dursun Altınörs, DilekKornea epitel defektleri oftalmoloji pratiğinde sıkça karşılaşılan önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Çalışmamızda kornea epitel defekti modeli oluşturulmuş deney sıçanlarında topikal insülinin kornea epitel defekti iyileşmesi üzerine etkilerinin suni göz yaşı ve kontrol grupları karşılaştırılarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada Sprague Dawley cinsi 28 erişkin erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Sıçanlar rastgele seçilen 4 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubu olarak epitel defekti oluşturulmayan grup alındı. Grup A’ya tedavisiz takip edilen epitel defekti grubu alındı. Grup B’yi topikal % 0.15 sodyum hiyalüronat tedavisi verilen epitel defekti oluşturulmuş sıçanlar alındı. Grup C’ye ise topikal insülin tedavisi verilen epitel defekti oluşturulmuş sıçanlar alındı. Epitel defekt grubu sıçanlarına sedasyon altında topikal anestezi sağlandıktan sonra 2 mm çapında, kornea santralinde epitel defekti oluşturuldu. Bütün sıçanların 4. saat, 12. saat, 1. Gün, 2. Gün ve 3.gün biyomikroskopik muayenesi yapıldı. Epitel defekti boyutu her muayenede florasein boyama yapılarak fotoğraflandı ve alan hesabı yapılarak defekt kapanma yüzdesi hesaplandı. 10.günde anestezi altında kornea dokuları tam kat eksize edildikten sonra sıçanlar servikal dislokasyon ile sakrifiye edildi ve histopatolojik inceleme yapıldı. Biyomikroskopik olarak epitel defekti kapanma hızları karşılaştırıldığında topikal insülin ve sodyum hiyalüronat tedavi grupları tedavisiz iyileşen gruba göre daha hızlı epitel defekti kapanması göstermiştir. Ancak topikal insülin ve sodyum hiyalüronat gruplarında epitel defekti kapanma hızı açısından iki grup arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark izlenmemiştir. Histopatolojik olarak incelendiğinde ise kornea hasarı sonrasında iyileştirici etkisi denenen gruplar karşılaştırıldığında; ince yapı düzeyinde topikal insülin grubunun yüzey epitelinin yeniden yapılanma sürecinin daha hızlı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu yenilenme sürecini izleyen ikinci grup topikal sodyum hiyalüronat grubu olarak belirlenmiştir. Yüzey epiteldeki en yavaş yenilenme tedavisiz izlenen epitel defekti grubunda izlenmiştir.Sonuç olarak, topikal insülin tedavisinin kornea epiteli iyileşmesinde biyomikroskopik olarak fark izlenmemiş olsa da sodyum hiyaluinat’a göre histopatolojik olarak daha etkin olduğu gösterilmiştir. Corneal epithelial defects are a commonly encountered issue in ophthalmology practice. Our study aims to examine the effects of topical insulin on the healing of corneal epithelial defects on experimental corneal epithelial defect model in rats and comparing them with artificial tears and control groups. In the study, 28 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. The control group consisted of rats with no epithelial defect. Group A comprised rats with untreated epithelial defects. Group B included rats with epithelial defects treated with topical 0.15% sodium hyaluronate. Group C consisted of rats with epithelial defects treated with topical insulin. After providing topical anesthesia to the rats in the epithelial defect groups under sedation, a 2 mm diameter epithelial defect was created at the central cornea. Biomicroscopic examinations were performed on all mice at the 4th hour, 12th hour, 1st day, 2nd day, and 3rd day. The size of the epithelial defect was photographed at each examination after fluorescein staining, and the percentage of defect closure was calculated. On the 10th day, after excising the corneal tissues under anesthesia, rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and histopathological examination was conducted. When comparing the rates of corneal epithelial defect closure biomicroscopically, the topical insulin and sodium hyaluronate treatment groups showed faster closure compared to the untreated healing group. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the rate of epithelial defect closure between the topical insulin and sodium hyaluronate groups. Histopathologically, when the healing effects of the tested groups were compared, it was observed that at the fine structural level, the topical insulin group had a faster surface epithelial remodeling process. The second group following this renewal process was the topical sodium hyaluronate group. The slowest renewal in surface epithelium was observed in the untreated epithelial defect group. In conclusion, although no biomicroscopic difference was observed in corneal epithelial healing with topical insulin treatment compared to sodium hyaluronate, it has been demonstrated to be more effective histopathologically.Item Tek merkezli on iki yıllık mide poliplerinin retrospektif analizi(Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2024) İbrahim, Mihuna; Suna, NuretdinAmaç: Gastrik polipler genellikle özofagogastroduodenoskopide (ÖGD) tesadüfen saptanan üst gastrointestinal sistemin asemptomatik lezyonlarıdır. Çoğunlukla benign lezyonlardır. Bu çalışma gastrik poliplerin histopatolojik özellikleri belirlenmesi ve bu özellikleri ile hastaların demografik ve klinik özellikleri arasında olası ilişkilerin analiz edilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Gereç ve yöntem: Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Gastroenteroloji Anabilim Dalı Endoskopi Ünitesinde 12 yıllık dönemde (2012-2023 yılları arasında) ÖGD yapılan hastaların verileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Gastrik polip saptanan 1804 hastanın yaşı, cinsiyeti, ÖGD endikasyonları, sigara ve alkol kullanım alışkanlığı, proton pompa inhibitör ilaç (PPİ) ve non-steroidal inflamatuar ilaç (NSAİİ) kullanımı, ailede mide kanser öyküsü, kolorektal polip/karsinom öyküsü, Helikobakter pylori (H.pylori), metaplazisi ve atrofik gastrit varlığı, ve saptananan mide poliplerinin yeri, sayısı, boyutları, ve histopatolojik inceleme sonuçları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Bu çalışma kapsamında ÖGD yapılan 54404 hasta incelendi. Dışlama kriterlerine göre toplam 14073 hasta çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Çalışma kriterlerine uygun 40331 hastanın 1804’ünde (%4,4) gastrik polip saptandı. Hastaların %69,7’si (n=1257) kadın, %30,3’ü (n=547) erkek olup yaş ortalaması 60,77±14,10 (18-98) yıldı. En sık sırasıyla dispepsi (%28,7), tarama (%21,4) ve demir eksikliği anemisi (%17) endikasyonlarıyla ÖGD yapıldı. Gastrik poliplerinin en sık yerleşim yeri korpus (%43,1, n=778) olup ortalama çapı 6,28±5,60 mm olarak saptandı. Görülme sıklığına göre sırası ile fundik gland polip [FGP (%61)], hiperplastik polip [HP (%30,7)], nöroendokrin tümör [NET (%2,3)], adenomatöz polip [AP (%1,8)], ksanthom (%1,2) ve mide adenokarsinom (%0,9) saptandı. Poliplerin 37’sinde (%2,1) displazi saptandı. FGP oranı kadınlarda daha yüksek iken HP polip oranı erkeklerde yüksek bulundu (p<0,001). Yaşı ≥45 olan hastalarda HP oranı daha fazla saptandı (p<0,001). PPİ kullananlarda FGP diğer poliplere göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p<0,001). H. pylori pozitif hastalarda diğer poliplere göre HP oranı daha fazla saptandı (p<0,001). Atrofik gastrit ve intestinal metaplazisi bulunanlarda bulunmayan hastalara göre HP oranı daha yüksek saptandı (Sırasıyla, p<0,01 ve p<0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmamızdaki gastrik polip prevalansı, literatürde açıklanan oranlarla benzerdir. PPİ kullanan hastalar ile FGP’ler arasında bulunan korelasyona karşın, H. pylori ve prekanseröz lezyonlar olan intestinal metaplazi ve mide atrofisi ile HP’ler arasında korelasyonu vardı. Bu nedenle, HP saptanan hastalarda polip çevresindeki mukozadan yeterli biyopsi alınması önemlidir.Aim: Gastric polyps are asymptomatic lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract that are usually detected incidentally during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). They are mostly benign lesions. This study was carried out to determine the histopathological features of gastric polyps and to analyze possible relationships between these features and the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. Material and Method: Data of patients who underwent EGD in the Endoscopy Unit of Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, during a 12-year period (between 2012 and 2023) were reviewed retrospectively. 1804 patients diagnosed with gastric polyps were analyzed. Age, gender, EGD indications, smoking and alcohol use habits, proton pump inhibitor drug (PPI) and non-steroidal inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, family history of stomach cancer, colorectal polyp/carcinoma history, Helicobacter pylori ( H.pylori), presence of metaplasia and atrophic gastritis, location, number, size and histopathological examination results of the detected gastric polyps were evaluated. Results: Within the scope of this study, 54,404 patients who underwent EGD were examined. A total of 14,073 patients were excluded from the study according to the exclusion criteria. Gastric polyps were detected in 1804 (4.4%) of 40,331 patients who met the study criteria. 69.7% (n=1257) of the patients were female, 30.3% (n=547) were male, and the average age was 60.77±14.10 (18-98) years. EGD was performed most frequently for dyspepsia (28.7%), screening (21.4%) and iron deficiency anemia (17%) indications, respectively. The most common location of gastric polyps was the corpus (43.1%, n=778) and the average diameter was 6.28±5.60 mm. According to the frequency of occurrence, 61% fundic gland polyp (FGP), 30.7% hyperplastic polyp (HP), 2.3% neuroendocrine tumor (NET), 1.8% adenomatous polyp (AP), 1.2% xanthoma and 0.9% gastric adenocarcinoma was detected as a result of this study. Dysplasia was detected in 37 (2.1%) of the polyps. While the FGPs were found more commonly in women, HPs were found more commonly in men (p<0.001). The number of HPs was found to be statistically significantly higher in patients aged ≥45 years (p<0.001). FGP was detected significantly more frequently in PPI users than other polyp types (p<0.001). HP was found to be higher in H. pylori positive patients compared to other polyps (p<0.001). HP rate was found to be higher in patients with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia than in patients without (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of gastric polyp in our study is similar to the rates reported in the literature. A correlation was found between H. pylori positivity and HPs, FGP and PPI use, as well as HPs and precancerous lesions like intestinal metaplasia and gastric atrophy. Therefore, it is important to take adequate biopsies from the mucosa around the polyp in patients with HP.Item Farmasötik mikrobiyoloji uygulamaları(2025) Abbasoğlu, UfukItem An Essential Problem in Antimicrobial Stewardship: Multi-Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Infection in the Intensive Care Unit(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2024-02-01) Pehlivanli, Aysel; Ozgun, Cigdem; Yuksel, Didem; Solmaz, Firdevs Gonca Sasal; Ozcelikay, Arif Tanju; Unal, Mustafa NecmettinItem The Impact of Clinical Pharmacist in Geriatric Drug-Related Problems: A Scoping Review(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2024-02-01) Ediz, Cigdem; Bicer, Asim Emre; Pehlivanli, Aysel; Basgut, Bilgen; Ozcelikay, Arif TanjuItem Investigating Problem-Solving Behaviours Of University Students Through An Eye-Tracking System Using Geogebra In Geometry: A Case Study(Başkent Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi, 2024-08) Turkoglu, Hacer; Yalcinalp, SerpilProblem solving is one of the high-level thinking skills and essential in teaching mathematical concepts and procedures. The eye-tracking method allows educators to see and interpret different problem-solving behaviours of students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the problem-solving behaviours of university students based on eye tracking statistics when faced with a geometry problem, and to explain these behaviours in terms of the students' success and learning styles. The research design was a case study approach that combined quantitative and qualitative data. Eight first-year students from the department of elementary mathematics education in a private University, Turkey, participated in this study. They were asked to solve a specific geometry question using the GeoGebra software. While solving this question, their eye movements were recorded and analysed using an eye-tracking program. Results were analysed to investigate their problem-solving skills and behaviours based on Polya's mathematical problem-solving stages. Results of the study suggest that the effort devoted to the understanding and planning stages of problem-solving are important factors that contribute to success in this case. Results also revealed that participated students with a converger learning style were more successful in each step of the problem-solving process. Additionally, it could be concluded that the input area had only been used by converger students, indicating that they devoted time and effort to creating and trying formulas.Item Role Of The Nurse In Patient Education And Follow-Up Of People Receiving Oral Chemotherapy Treatment: An International Survey (Vol 16, Pg 1075, 2008)(Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, 2024-02) Kav, Sultan; Johnson, Judi; Rittenberg, Cynthia; Fernandez-Ortega, Paz; Suominen, Tarja; Olsen, Pia Riis; Patiraki, Elisabeth; Porock, Davina; Dahler, Annette; Toliusiene, Jolanta; Tadic, Dusanka; Tadic, Dusanka; Roy, Vijay; Wang, Qi; Colak, Meric; Saca-Hazboun, Hanan; Makumi, David; Kadmon, Ilana; Ami, Sarah Ben; Anderson, Elsie; Clark-Snow, RebeccaItem The Capacitance/Conductance And Surface State Intensity Characteristics Of The Al/(Cmat)/P-Si Structures(Başkent Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2024-02-01) Cetinkaya, H. G.; Bengi, S.; Sevgili, O.; Altindal, S.To determine the Al/(CMAT)/p-Si structure's admittance analysis, capacitance/conductance versus frequency (C/G-V-f) data was obtained in the 3 kHz-3 MHz and -2/4 V ranges at room temperature. The powder form of CeMgAl11O19: Tb (CMAT) was thermally evaporated onto the front of p-Si wafer at 10-6 Torr as interfacial layer. From the Nicollian and Brews method, voltage-dependent spectra of Rs were derived for various frequencies. The parallel conductance and low-high frequency capacitance (CLF-CHF) techniques, respectively, were used to determine the voltage and frequency dependent spectra of Nss and their lifetime (tau). Surface states (Nss), which are identified by admittance measurements, emerge at the M/S interlayer because of high capacitance and conductance values at low frequencies. This can also be explained by the Nss's ability to track ac signals well at lower frequencies. The normalized parallel conductance versus frequency (Gp/omega-f) plot under various biases shows a peak because of Nss existence. x-ray diffractometer (XRD) was used for structural investigation and the average crystal size (D) of the nanocrystals (CMAT) was found to be less than 0.34 nm by using the Debye-Scherer's equation.Item İletişimin Özneleri(Başkent Üniversitesi Geliştirme Vakfı İktisadi İşletmesi, 2025-06) Erdem, Beste Nigar; Akcan, Burçe; Çağlıyan, Çağdaş Emrah; Akçay, Ebru; Temizer, Eylem; Canlı, Kübra; Ünal Çınar,Reyhan; Ay, Semra; Dikkol Akçay, Selver; Bal, Sevil; Kına, Sezer A.; Özcan, S. YankıItem Predictive Potential Of Pan-Immune-Inflammation Value / Hemoglobin Index As Biomarker For Osteoradionecrosis Risk In Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinomas(JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, 2024-03-27) Yilmaz, Busra; Somay, Efsun; Topkan, Erkan; Pehlivan, Berrin; Besen, Ali Ayberk; Mertsoylu, Huseyin; Selek, UgurObjective: We aimed to investigate whether the Pan-Immune-Inflammation-Value/Hemoglobin (PIV/Hb) index could predict the risk of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) in patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) for locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (LA-NPC). Materials and methods: This retrospective analysis included LA-NPC patients who underwent CCRT and preCCRT oral exams at our institution's Departments of Radiation Oncology and Dentistry between January 2010 and December 2022. The relationship between ORN rates and PIV-Hb levels was explored using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The primary objective was to establish a correlation between pre-CCRT PIV-Hb levels and ORN rates, while the secondary objective was to identify other risk factors for ORN. Results: Of 249 eligible patients, 21 (8.4 %) were diagnosed with ORN. The optimal pre-CCRT PIV/Hb cutoff was 73.8, which divided patients into two subgroups with distinctive ORN risk estimates: Group 1: PIV/ Hb < 73.8 (N = 206), and Group 2: PIV/Hb >= 73.8 (N = 43). The results of the comparative analysis indicated that the cohort with PIV/Hb >= 73.8 exhibited substantially higher rates of ORN than the PIV/Hb < 73.8 cohort (44.2 % vs. 1.0 %; P < 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the pretreatment PIV/ Hb >= 73.8 was independently associated with higher ORN rates (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The results of our current investigation indicate that higher levels of pretreatment PIV/Hb were associated with a significant independent increase in ORN rates in LA-NPC patients who received CCRT. (c) 2024 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.