İletişim Fakültesi / Faculty of Communication

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11727/1400

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Accepting Restrictions and Compliance With Recommended Preventive Behaviors for COVID-19: A Discussion Based on the Key Approaches and Current Research on Fear Appeals
(2021) Demirtas Madran, H. Andac; 0000-0002-3444-8845; 34163389
COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) is a novel coronavirus which was first detected in late December 2019 in the Wuhan Province of China. This novel coronavirus, caused by a zoonotic beta-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-), is described as highly infectious. The World Health Organization (WHO) named the novel coronavirus as COVID-19 on February 11, 2020, and declared it as a "pandemic." Almost all countries have undertaken wide-scale precautions so as to prevent or limit the spread of the virus, with most having practiced some form of "lockdown" along with "social distancing," as well as dispensed recommendations for proper hand washing, avoiding touching the face, wearing facemasks, and using disposable tissues when either coughing or sneezing. Whereas it is well known that slowing the spread of this new epidemic requires the cooperation of all citizens, some people still seem to willfully disregard the rules and guidelines, and thereby ignore the health risks posed to both themselves and to others they come into contact with. People have responded differently to lockdown rules and social distancing practices. Whilst the majority follow the rules and recommendations with great care, others are more lax or simply refuse to comply. These differences might be accounted for according to a number of factors including personal, social, cultural, mental, and economic variables. Being persuaded to comply with preventive rules, especially those concerned with health-related behaviors, also bring certain other factors into play. Fear is one of those factors, and is one of the most powerful. It is well known that fear-based appeals can be effective in inculcating health behaviors, with many theories having been developed in this area. However, both the content of the message (the level of the fear it contains) and certain personal variables can determine the persuasive power of the fear appeal. It can even have an adverse effect if not properly applied. Many theories have been developed to address the persuasive effectiveness of the fear appeal (e.g., fear-drive theory, protection-motivation theory), and this study aims to discuss these individual differences in precautionary and preventive measures for the COVID-19 pandemic within the framework of the basic assumptions of these theoretical approaches.
Adapting the Socio-Cultural Adaptation Scale (SCAS-R) to Arabic: A Study on The Syrian Migrants Living in Gaziantep Province of Turkiye
(2023) Keser, Ahmet; Yalcin, Onder; Gokmen, Yunus; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-0577; HZK-3170-2023
This study aims to investigate the validity, reliability, and Arabic language equivalence of the Socio-cultural Adaptation Scale (SCAS-R) created by Colleen Ward and Antony Kennedy (1999) and revised by Jessie Wilson (2013). A sample group of 424 Syrian Migrants (18 years and older) living in Gaziantep province of Turkiye from different neighborhoods, economic status, and socio-demographic backgrounds are included in the research, and the scale is examined via commonly used validity and reliability analysis methods. It is obtained that the Cronbach's Alpha of the items is higher than 0.7 and the corrected item-total correlations are above the threshold value (0.2) in item analysis, nearly 69% of the total variance is explained by 5 factors in Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and the Goodness of Fit Indexes (chi 2/sd = 1.521, CFI = 0.958, and SRMR = 0.048) are within the good/acceptable range in Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). It has been understood that the SCAS-R is a valid and reliable scale for Arabic culture. The results of this study may provide a valuable tool for policymakers, researchers, and humanitarian workers studying migration issues.
Arf Numerical Semigroups With Prime Multiplicity
(2022) Karakas, Halil Ibrahim; AAY-4394-2021
In the literature, parametrizations are given for Arf numerical semigroups with small multiplicity and arbitrary conductor. From those parametrizations, formulas are obtained for the number of such Arf numerical semigroups. These formulas show that the number of Arf numerical semigroups with multiplicity 3, 5 or 7 and arbitrary conductor depends only on the congruence class of the conductor modulo the multiplicity. In a recent work with S. Ilhan and M. Suer, observing that the same is true for Arf numerical semigroups with multiplicity 11 and 13, we asked if that was true for Arf numerical semigroups with arbitrary prime multiplicity. In the present work this question is answered affirmatively.
Assessment of Hemoglobin Stability in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients Receiving Erythropoietin Therapy and the Effect of Hemoglobin Stability on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
(2019) Guncan, Melda Ulas; Guncan, Sabri; Torun, Dilek
Objective: Anemia is one of the most important factors that decrease the quality of life in patients with end-stage renal desease receiving hemodialysis treatment. In these patients, Erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESAs) are used in the treatment of anemia. Although the target hemoglobin (Hb) value in chronic renal failure is 11-12 gr/dL, it is suggested that hemoglobin values fluctuate between normal, high and low values in the great majority, leading to cardiovascular structural changes which increase mortality. In this study, we investigated the effect of anemia and hemoglobin fluctuations on mortality rate and the risk of cardiovascular disease in chronic hemodialysis patients who received ESA thearapy. Materials and Methods: Hemoglobin values for 12 months of 181 patients were examined. The target Hb level was 11-12 gr/dL interval and the patients were divided into 6 groups according to the hemoglobin values; persistently low, low-normal, target, normal-high, low-high and persistently high. According to the variability in hemoglobin level, groups were compared in terms of demographic, laboratory characteristics, treatment, risk of cardiovascular disease, hospitalization and death frequency and causes. Result: The total of 181 patients were classified according to Hb levels; 22 (12.2%) patients were persistently-low, 72 (39.8%) were low-normal, 10 (5.5%) were normal-high and 77 (42.5%) patients were low-high Hb group. During the 12 month fallow up, there were no patients in target and high Hb group. The groups were similar in terms of the presence of comorbid diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease and other demographic characteristics, and there was no difference between groups in terms of cardiovascular disease development. ESA doses and blood transfusion counts and mortality rates were significantly higher in the persistently-low hemoglobin group compared to the other groups. Conclusion: In our study, high rate of anemia and hemoglobin fluctuations were shown in chronic hemodialysis patients and anemia was associated with mortality. However, the possible association of these variables with cardiovascular diseases was not observed. Further studies are needed in the larger hemodialysis patient group to investigate the relationship between hemoglobin fluctuation and mortality and cardiovascular risk.
Deviant Employee Behavior in The Eyes of Colleagues: The Role of Organizational Support and Self-Efficacy
(2017) Tuzun, Ipek Kalemci; Cetin, Fatih; Basim, H. Nejat; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6979-2040; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2605-9962; ABB-5350-2020; ABD-9381-2021
The present study investigates the influences of multifocal organizational support in the context of deviant employee behavior by examining the potential associations with employees' self-efficacy characteristics. The study proposes that perceived multifocal support and self-efficacy have a direct relationship with deviant behavior, and that these two variables interact in their relationship with deviant workplace behavior. Using self- and peer-reported data from 225 academics, hypothesized relationships were investigated using structural equation modeling. The results indicate that two different forms of support (organizational and supervisory) strongly influenced two different forms of deviant behavior (organizational and interpersonal). Whereas perceived organizational support decreases organizationally relevant deviant behavior, supervisory support decreases deviant behavior toward colleagues. The results also showed that high self-efficacy moderates both the negative relationship between organizational support and deviant behavior toward the organization and that between supervisory support and deviant behavior toward colleagues. The study also discusses the implications of these findings for managers, along with recommendations for future research.
The Link Between Supervisor Support, Servicing Efficacy And Job Satisfaction Among Frontline Hotel Employees: An Investigation In Turkey
(2023) Oksuz, Merve; Tosyali, Hikmet; Tosyali, Furkan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2470-7919
Purpose This paper aims to examine the association between supervisor support, servicing efficacy and job satisfaction among frontline hotel employees in Turkey. Specifically, the mediating role of servicing efficacy was examined in the link between supervisor support and job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 421 frontline employees in 4- and 5-star hotels located in the South and South West of Turkey. The authors proposed a conceptual model in which servicing efficacy mediates the link between supervisor support and job satisfaction after controlling for demographic information. Data were analyzed through the structural equation modeling (SEM) framework. Findings Results showed that supervisor support positively predicted servicing efficacy and job satisfaction reports of the employees. Those reporting higher servicing efficacy were more likely to report increased job satisfaction. In addition, servicing efficacy partially mediated the link between supervisor support and job satisfaction. Originality/value The current study provides new evidence on the link between supervisor support, efficacy beliefs and job satisfaction in the hotel industry. This is the first study investigating the mediating role of servicing efficacy in the association between supervisor support and job satisfaction. Moreover, most previous studies separately focusing on supervisor support, efficacy beliefs and job satisfaction in the hospitality industry were conducted in developed, Western countries. In contrast, research examining work-related constructs and outcomes in Turkey's hospitality industry has been limited. Thus, both replicated and original findings would contribute to the generalizability of cumulative knowledge in tourism and hospitality.
Making Grandfather Come Out Better Portraits of Ancestors and Digital Manipulation in Contemporary Turkey
(2015) Aytemiz, Pelin; 0000-0002-1420-7040; AFE-8592-2022
In contemporary Turkey, a growing number of lower to middle-income families bring old and often damaged photographs of their deceased family members to digital studios for restoration. Digital restoration artists, whether working online or from photography studios, retouch these photographs in often highly creative ways, such as adding color and fantasy backgrounds, or combining discrete portraits into fictional (diachronic) family portraits. Digital technologies such as the Photoshop program are here called upon to perform a very old desire: that of ensuring a dead person's continued presence. Engaging with debates on the passage from analog to digital and the relationship of photography to death, I examine this process from two perspectives. First, I focus on digital artists who understand their work in professional terms as intensely material, and in social terms as one of 'saving photographs from death'; second, I examine the renewed social potency that such digitally remastered photographs acquire in Turkish homes, where digital intervention not only ensures the continued potency of ancestral photographs in ensuring the presence of the deceased patriarch, but also enhances this presence in novel ways. Digitally remastered photographs are understood here as more than 'just' photo-realistic. They are 'more perfect' or even 'more real': their fictionality adds to their auratic character as icons of authority and makes them eminently suited for the renewed kind of social work that is demanded of them.
The Mediating Role of Organisational Cynicism on the Relationship Between Technostress and Job Performance: A Research on Teachers
(2022) Yalcin, Rukiye Can; Gokmen, Yunus; Erdem, Haluk; Turen, Ufuk
This study's primary purpose is to examine organisational cynicism's mediating role in the relationship between technostress and job performance. Data are obtained from 234 teachers working in public and private schools in Turkey. In the study, correlation and regression analyses have been performed to determine the relationships and effects between variables, and the structural equation model has been used to verify the scales of the variables. In addition, the mediation role in the study has been examined with the bootstrap test in the Process module. Findings show that the validity and reliability of the scales are ensured by the results of commonly used validity and reliability analysis methods. Additionally, technostress and organisational cynicism decrease job performance and technostress significantly increase organisational cynicism. Further mediation analysis reveals that organisational cynicism partially mediates the relationship between technostress and job performance.
Negotiation Ethics A Cultural Perspective from Turkey
(2018) Sigri, Unsal; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-7398; ADV-8340-2022
The Possible Effects of National Culture Dimensions on Sustainable Child Development Index: A Cross-Country Analysis of Countries
(2022) Fayganoglu, Pinar; Gokmen, Yunus; Can Yalcin, Rukiye; Begenirbas, Memduh
Household income, which is one of the most important measures of a country's economic state, does not indicate that children live in better circumstances. In the related literature, children are placed at the center of a country's sustainability assessments and created the Sustainable Child Development Index (SCDI), which displays a country's sustainable child development scores in terms of health, education, safety, economic conditions, and environmental factors. Taking into consideration the issues about children and SCDI, this study is to reveal the effects of Hofstede's cultural structures/dimensions on SCDI scores by analyzing a cross-sectional data set of 81 countries with logarithmic multiple regression as an explanatory model. As a result of the analysis, it was seen that power distance and masculinity had a significant and negative effect on SCDI, and long-term orientation had a significant and positive effect on SCDI. For future studies, this study can be beneficial to see the longitudinal differences for the countries covered in this study.
Square root central difference-based FastSLAM approach improved by differential evolution
(2016) Ankishan, Haydar; Ari, Fikret; Tartan, Emre Oner; Pakfiliz, Ahmet Gungor
This study presents a new approach to improve the performance of FastSLAM. The aim of the study is to obtain a more robust algorithm for FastSLAM applications by using a Kalman filter that uses Stirling's polynomial interpolation formula. In this paper, some new improvements have been proposed; the first approach is the square root central difference Kalman filter-based FastSLAM, called SRCD-FastSLAM. In this method, autonomous vehicle (or robot) position, landmarks' position estimations, and importance weight calculations of the particle filter are provided by the SRCD-Kalman filter. The second approach is an improved version of the SRCD-FastSLAM in which particles are improved by a differential evolution (DE) algorithm for reducing the risk of the particle depletion problem. Simulation results are given as a comparison of FastSLAM II, unscented (U)-FastSLAM, SRCD-Kalman filter-aided FastSLAM, SRCD particle filter-based FastSLAM, SRCD-FastSLAM, and DE-SRCD-FastSLAM. The results show that SRCD-based FastSLAM approaches accurately compute mean and precise uncertainty of the robot position in comparison with FastSLAM II and U-FastSLAM methods. However, the best results are obtained by DE-SRCD-FastSLAM, which provides significantly more accurate and robust estimation with the help of DE with fewer particles. Moreover, consistency of the DE-SRCD-FastSLAM is more prolonged than that of FastSLAM II, U-FastSLAM, and SRCD-FastSLAM.
A Theoretical Discussion on The Scope and The Dimensions of Activist Public Relations
(2023) Akcay, Ebru
The concept of activist public relations challenging corporate public relations, which regards activist publics as the obstacles to an organization's effectiveness, brings up the activist function of public relations for discussion. The conceptualization of activist public relations asserts that public relations is used to oppose the corporate public relations contending that activist publics are obstacles for organizations and must be managed. This study aims to set forth the dimensions of activist public relations by introducing the studies claiming not only organizations (non-governmental organizations and corporations) but also activist publics and public figures, who are not members of any organization, use public relations tactics. The study proposes a categorization for the scope and dimensions of activist public relations. This categorization focuses on whether the activist publics are organized within an organization or not, and asserts that activist public relations has two dimensions: an 'organizational dimension' and 'societal dimension'. According to this categorization, organizational activism and the public relations practices of NGOs should be categorized under the 'organizational dimension' while Internet activism and the public relations practices of public figures should be categorized under the 'social dimension' of activist public relations.
Tracking Public Relations History in 1960s' Turkey: The Prevalence and Reflections of Development Discourse
(2014) Hizal, G. Senem Gencturk; Ozdemir, B. Pinar; Yamanoglu, Melike Aktas; AAF-7990-2020; AAF-6167-2020; AAF-7990-2020
This study is based on a historical research, which focuses on the institutionalization of public relations in Turkey during the 1960s, and interprets this process in the frame of planned development discourse. Primary written sources collected from archive research and oral narratives generated from fourteen semi-structured interviews conducted with the pioneers in Turkey are analyzed through categorization and thematization. Findings of the historical research indicated that similar themes and orientations guided public relations practices in public and private sector in this period. Accordingly public relations education provided necessary intellectual background and human resources. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
A Tribute to Art Or Ideology: The News Coverage of Ataturk Statues in Turkish Press After the Coup of 12 September 1980
(2016) Dundar, Lale
It is observed that there is a radical increase in the publication of news about the busts and statues of Ataturk, after the 12 September 1980 military coup in Turkish press. Having no expected news value under normal conditions, even opening ceremonies for busts of Ataturk in village schools are published in main pages of national newspapers during the coup administration. This study is focused on the news stories covering the busts and statues of Ataturk, which were published in Cumhuriyet, Milliyet and Tercuman newspapers, from 12 September 1980 (the date of the military coup), to the end of 1981 (where many events were held to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Ataturk's birthday-also also truckloads of Ataturk monuments were distributed across the country in 1981. This study aims to investigate the relationship between news of Ataturk busts and politic atmosphere of 12 September 1980 coup. The study argues that the frequency and the news narratives of print media related to Ataturk busts, reproduces the ideologies of the coup administration
Turkish Version of Facebook Jealousy Questionnaire: Reliability and Validity Studies on University Students
(2016) Demirtas-Madran, H. Andac; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5582-2608; AAC-1925-2020
Objective: The aim of the present study was to develop and assess validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Facebook Jealousy Questionnaire. Methods: A Turkish version of the Facebook Jealousy Questionnaire was translated to Turkish from English, and then translated back to English. The sample consisted of 307 students from two different universities in Ankara. In order to determine criterion validity of the scale, its correlation with the Turkish version of Romantic Jealousy Scale's subscale 'triggers of jealousy' was used. Results: For determining the reliability and validity of the scale, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest and corrected item-total correlations, criterion validity were used. Gender, age and some relational differences such as relational satisfaction and attractiveness of the partner were examined. There were only a significant negative correlation between age and Facebook jealousy score. Conclusions: This study supports the one-factor model of the Facebook Jealousy Questionnaire indicated by the original study. Findings demonstrate that the Turkish version of the Facebook Jealousy Questionnaire is a highly reliable and valid instrument to measure Facebook jealousy.
The Wide Open Windows of Cholera Street: On the Light and Sound Leaking Through/To the Private Space
(2018) Aytemiz, Pelin; AAE-9744-2022
Inspired by the subaltern studies the purpose of this article is to examine how the dichotomy of private/public in Metin Kacan's Agir Roman Novel is reproduced on the axis of the visual language used by Mustafa Altioklar's cinematic adaptation Cholera Street. The article is interested in the peculiar choice of slang usage and reads this as an invitation to blur the borders of private/public space that modern life demands to keep separate. In this sense, Cholera Street can also be regarded as a brilliant piece of social commentary, offering a vivid peek into the life of the "other" trapped in the peripheral neighborhood. This article unravels further how Cholera Street through visual film grammar and various metaphors sends strong critical messages about the silence of subalterns who often lack the means to speak for themselves and how the violation of privacy turns out to be a challenging act against the dominant order.