Association between polarity of first episode and solar insolation in bipolar I disorder

dc.contributor.authorBicakci, Sule
dc.contributor.orcID0000-0003-4787-9860en_US
dc.contributor.pubmedID35932492en_US
dc.contributor.researcherIDAAJ-8555-2021en_US
dc.date.accessioned2022-11-07T11:01:31Z
dc.date.available2022-11-07T11:01:31Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractObjective: Circadian rhythm disruption is commonly observed in bipolar disorder (BD). Daylight is the most powerful signal to entrain the human circadian clock system. This exploratory study investigated if solar inso-lation at the onset location was associated with the polarity of the first episode of BD I. Solar insolation is the amount of electromagnetic energy from the Sun striking a surface area of the Earth. Methods: Data from 7488 patients with BD I were collected at 75 sites in 42 countries. The first episode occurred at 591 onset locations in 67 countries at a wide range of latitudes in both hemispheres. Solar insolation values were obtained for every onset location, and the ratio of the minimum mean monthly insolation to the maximum mean monthly insolation was calculated. This ratio is largest near the equator (with little change in solar insolation over the year), and smallest near the poles (where winter insolation is very small compared to summer insolation). This ratio also applies to tropical locations which may have a cloudy wet and clear dry season, rather than winter and summer. Results: The larger the change in solar insolation throughout the year (smaller the ratio between the minimum monthly and maximum monthly values), the greater the likelihood the first episode polarity was depression. Other associated variables were being female and increasing percentage of gross domestic product spent on country health expenditures. (All coefficients: P <= 0.001). Conclusion: Increased awareness and research into circadian dysfunction throughout the course of BD is warranted.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0022-3999en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85135397042en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11727/8019
dc.identifier.volume160en_US
dc.identifier.wos000850543400002en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.relation.isversionof10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110982en_US
dc.relation.journalJOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCHen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergien_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectBipolar disorderen_US
dc.subjectCircadian rhythmen_US
dc.subjectDepressionen_US
dc.subjectPolarityen_US
dc.subjectSolar insolationen_US
dc.subjectSunlighten_US
dc.titleAssociation between polarity of first episode and solar insolation in bipolar I disorderen_US
dc.typearticleen_US

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