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    Validation of Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Discriminant Power of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Subtests in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Dementia in Turkish Population
    (2014) Kaya, Yildiz; Aki, Ozlem Erden; Can, Ufuk Anik; Derle, Eda; Kibaroglu, Seda; Barak, Anil; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8689-417X; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2122-1016; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3964-268X; 24578463; AAJ-2999-2021; AAI-8830-2021; AAJ-2956-2021
    Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a new cognitive tool developed for screening mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The authors examined validity of MoCA and discriminating power of subtests in a Turkish population comprising of 474 participants (246 healthy controls, 114 subjects with MCI and 114 subjects with dementia). The ANCOVAs showed that age and education had a main effect on MoCA scores. Cut scores were computed according to different education levels. The overall cut-off values for MCI and dementia were found to be lower compared to western studies. MoCA was found to have good internal consistency. The subtests most useful in discriminating MCI from healthy controls were recall, visuospatial and language, while in discriminating dementia from MCI were visuospatial, orientation and attention subtests. The results demonstrated that MoCA is a valid and reliable instrument in screening MCI, and compared with the MMSE, MoCA was proved to have superior sensitivity and specificity in detecting MCI.
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    Examination of IL-1 beta level as an inflammasome marker in Alzheimer's disease
    (2019) Bulut, Onur; Tanburoglu, Anil; Boluk, Gulsah; Demir, Nurhak; Eren, Erden; Vurgun, Ufuk; Genc, Sermin; Yener, Gorsev
    Objective: Interleukin (IL)-1 beta is believed to be responsible for the neurotoxicity of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, serum levels of IL-1 beta, and correlations with clinical features and neuropsychiatric test results were examined. Methods: Thirty-eight patients with AD and 38 healthy control patients were included in the study. Serum IL-1 beta levels in patients with AD and control were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The Mini-Mental Test Score (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were administered to both the patient and control groups. Furthermore, the clinical dementia rating, detailed neuropsychological test battery, and neuropsychiatric inventory were administered to the AD group. It was determined that the serum IL-1 beta measurements of the patient and control groups were not statistically different, and IL-1 beta measurements in the patient group were not correlated with the MMSE and GDS. Results: The relationship of IL-1 beta measurements in the patient group with other clinical data was not significant. Among the patients' neuropsychological tests, a moderately, significant negative correlation was found only between the clock drawing test and visual learning score and serum IL-1 beta levels. Conclusion: Our study is in agreement with other studies in which no significant difference was found between patients with AD and healthy controls in terms of serum IL-1 beta levels, but the moderately negative correlation obtained with the clock drawing test and visual learning score indicates a weak relation. This result may indicate that stronger relations will be determined in large-scale studies involving larger numbers of patients.