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Author: search.filters.author.Malhan, SimtenSubject: search.filters.subject.Turkey

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    Assessment of the Direct Medical Costs of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications in Turkey
    (2014) Malhan, Simten; Oksuz, Ergun; Babineaux, Steven M.; Ertekin, Ali; Palmer, James P.; 0000-0002-5723-5965; K-8238-2012
    Purpose: To estimate the direct annual medical costs of Type 2 diabetes and its complications in diagnosed patients in Turkey. Material and Method: A cost-of-illness model was developed. The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes was derived from the Turkish Diabetes Epidemiology Study, estimated as 13.7% in adults, with one-third of patients previously undiagnosed. Complication costs were extracted from the records of 7095 patients at a Turkish tertiary care hospital in 2009. For each modelled complication, acute phase costs were applied to globally derived incidence rates, and one-year follow-up costs were applied to globally derived prevalence rates. Costs and frequencies of ongoing antihyperglycaemic treatment and disease management were derived from treatment guidelines and Turkish hospital records. Parameter variation was performed. Results: The cost of Type 2 diabetes in diagnosed patients was estimated at between 11.4 to 12.9 billion Turkish Lira, 1% of Gross Domestic Product. Cardiovascular complications comprised the largest share of total medical costs (between 24.3% and 32.6%), followed by renal complicationsrelated costs (between 25% and 28.3%) and concomitant cardiovascular and antihypertensive medication costs (between 14.2% and 16%). Antihyperglycaemic medications and screening costs comprised between 10.9% to 12.3% and between 4.4% to 5% of total costs, respectively. Discussion: Type 2 diabetes is a disease burden and economic burden in Turkey; the complications cost is higher than the cost of disease control. For preventing complications, any activities effect positively limited resources and also quality of life.
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    Economic Burden Of Lung Cancer In Turkey: A Cost Of Illness Study From Payer Perspective
    (2021) Cicin, Irfan; Oksuz, Ergun; Karadurmus, Nuri Nuri; Malhan, Simten; Gumus, Mahmut; Yilmaz, Ulku; Cansever, Levent; Cinarka, Halit; Cetinkaya, Erdogan; Kiyik, Murat; Ozet, Ahmet; 0000-0002-5723-5965; 34173876; K-8238-2012
    Background This study was designed to estimate economic burden of lung cancer in Turkey from payer perspective based on expert panel opinion on practice patterns in clinical practice. Methods In this cost of illness study, direct medical cost was calculated based on cost items related to outpatient visits, laboratory and radiological tests, hospitalizations/interventions, drug treatment, adverse events and metastasis. Indirect cost was calculated based on lost productivity due to early retirement, morbidity and premature death resulting from the illness, the value of lost productivity due to time spent by family caregivers and cost of formal caregivers. Results Cost analysis revealed the total per patient annual direct medical cost for small cell lung cancer to be euro8772), for non-small-cell lung cancer to be euro10,167. Total annual direct medical cost was euro497.9 million, total annual indirect medical cost was euro1.1 billion and total economic burden of lung cancer was euro1.6 billion. Hospitalization/interventions (41%) and indirect costs (68.6%) were the major cost drivers for total direct costs and the overall economic burden of lung cancer, respectively. Conclusions Our findings indicate per patient direct medical costs of small cell lung cancer and non-small-cell lung cancer to be substantial and comparable, indicating the substantial economic burden of lung cancer in terms of both direct and indirect costs. Our findings indicate that hospitalization/interventions cost item and indirect costs were the major cost drivers for total direct costs and the overall economic burden of lung cancer, respectively. Our findings emphasize the potential role of improved cancer prevention and early diagnosis strategies, by enabling cost savings related to drug treatment and metastasis management cost items, in sustainability of cancer treatments.