Fakülteler / Faculties
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Item Effect of Acrylamide Treatment on Arginase Activities and Nitric Oxide Levels in Rat Liver and Kidney(2014) Ozturan-Ozer, Eda; Ucar, Gulberk; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Akaydin-Aldemir, Derya; Turkoglu, Suna; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6543-4043; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6026-0045; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4805-1918; AAK-3000-2021; AAH-8887-2021; AAJ-2243-2021Aim: To evaluate the effects of acrylamide treatment on the activities of rat liver, kidney arginase activities and nitric oxide levels considering the possible induction of oxidative stress. Materials and methods: Serum aminotransferase activities, blood-urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine concentrations and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), total nitrite concentrations and arginase activities were evaluated in groups. Histopathological analysis was performed. Results: Acrylamide treatment did not modulate liver and kidney serum markers. Hepatic MDA, GSH concentrations did not change whereas they were elevated in kidney tissues of high dose treated group (p<0.05). Arginase activity in grain liver tissue decreased (p<0.0001), but specific activity did not alter. Total nitrite concentrations increased in high dose treated group (p<0.05). In kidney, high dose of acrylamide treatment elevated activity and specific activity of arginase (p<0.05). No alteration was detected in total nitrite levels. Ultrastructural alterations were detected in epithelial cells of proximal tubules in kidney sections of the rats treated with high dose of aculamide. Conclusion: Liver seems to protect itself against acrylamide toxicity whereas, kidney can be considered as a probable target tissue for acrylamide-induced oxidative stress.Item Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Axonal Regeneration through Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting in a Rat Model of Facial Paralysis(2016) Abbas, Ozan L.; Borman, Huseyin; Uysal, Cagri A.; Gonen, Zeynep B.; Aydin, Leyla; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Ilhan, Sebnem; Yazici, Ayse C.; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6236-0050; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6026-0045; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-242X; 27465163; AAJ-2949-2021; AAH-8887-2021; AAS-6810-2021Background: Cross-face nerve grafting combined with functional muscle transplantation has become the standard in reconstructing an emotionally controlled smile in complete irreversible facial palsy. However, the efficacy of this procedure depends on the ability of regenerating axons to breach two nerve coaptations and reinnervate endplates in denervated muscle. The current study tested the hypothesis that adipose-derived stem cells would enhance axonal regeneration through a cross-facial nerve graft and thereby enhance recovery of the facial nerve function. Methods: Twelve rats underwent transection of the right facial nerve, and cross-facial nerve grafting using the sciatic nerve as an interpositional graft, with coaptations to the ipsilateral and contralateral buccal branches, was carried out. Rats were divided equally into two groups: a grafted but nontreated control group and a grafted and adipose-derived stem cell-treated group. Three months after surgery, biometric and electrophysiologic assessments of vibrissae movements were performed. Histologically, the spectra of fiber density, myelin sheath thickness, fiber diameter, and g ratio of the nerve were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for the evaluation of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular junctions. Results: The data from the biometric and electrophysiologic analysis of vibrissae movements, immunohistochemical analysis, and histologic assessment of the nerve showed that adipose-derived stem cells significantly enhanced axonal regeneration through the graft. Conclusion: These observations suggest that adipose-derived stem cells could be a clinically translatable route toward new methods to enhance recovery after cross-facial nerve grafting.Item Comparative Evaluation of the Electrophysiological, Functional and Ultrastructural Effects of Alpha Lipoic Acid and Cyanocobalamin Administration in A Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Injury(2017) Horasanli, Bahriye; Hasturk, Askin Esen; Arikan, Murat; Togral, Guray; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Dagdeviren, Atilla; Mut, Senem; Harman, Ferhat; Argun, Guldeniz; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-1011; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6026-0045; 28968230; AAH-8887-2021; AES-7155-2022BACKGROUND: Vitamin B12 and alpha lipoic acid (ALA) are known to promote functional and morphological recovery after peripheral nerve injury. OBJECTIVE: To compare the regenerative and neuroprotective effects of vitamin B12 and ALA treatment after sciatic nerve injury. METHODS: A total of 40 rats were randomly assigned to control (sciatic nerve exposure without injury or anastomosis), sham (sciatic nerve injury and epineural anastomosis were performed but no treatment was administered), PS (isotonic saline was administered for 12 weeks after surgery), ALA (2 mg/kg ALA was administered for 12 weeks after surgery), and vitamin B12 groups (2 mg/kg cyanocobalamin was administered for 12 weeks after surgery). Functional recovery was determined by footprint analysis, in vivo neurophysiology, and ex vivo histopathological examination. RESULTS: ALA treatment produced significant improvements in sciatic functional index values and non-significant improvements on electroneuromyography compared to vitamin B12 treatment. Upon histopathological examination, the regenerative effects of ALA were relevant to axonal structural recovery whereas vitamin B12 produced greater improvements in edema and myelination. CONCLUSIONS: While both vitamin B12 and ALA produced improvements after sciatic nerve injury, ALA was more functionally effective. The unique ultrastructural effects of vitamin B12 and ALA treatment should be considered in future studies.Item Does Ginkgo biloba Protect Developing Testes from Chronic Hypobaric Hypoxia?(2017) Gul, Elif Ensari; Kaplanoglu, Gulnur Take; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Kaplanoglu, Iskender; Seymen, Cemile Merve; 0000-0002-6026-0045; 0000-0002-8945-3801; AAH-8887-2021; AAS-5415-2021OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential protective effects of Ginkgo biloba on developing testes exposed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia during their prenatal life. STUDY DESIGN: Twelve pregnant Wistar albino rats on the fifth gestational day were placed in hypoxic chambers for the upcoming 15 days. Six pregnant female rats were kept under normal atmospheric conditions during the pregnancy as a control group. The study groups were as follows: Control, Hypoxia, and Hypoxia + Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo biloba was administered for each designated postnatal sacrifice day. For the Hypoxia + Ginkgo biloba group, after birth, 100 mg/kg of Ginkgo biloba extract was administrated orally to the newborn male rats. Testes tissues were sampled on postnatal days 7, 14, and 21 from each group, and PCNA, TUNEL, and TEM examinations were performed. RESULTS: PCNA immunoreactivity was decreased and TUNEL positive cell number was increased in the hypoxic group. TEM examination revealed degenerative changes in hypoxic group testes tissue. Hypoxia changed the cell cycle in spermatogenic series by reducing proliferation and increasing apoptosis. Spermatogenic cell degeneration and high Leydig cell activity were determined in the hypoxia group by TEM examinations. CONCLUSION: We believe that Ginkgo biloba has protective effects on testes tissue, especially in long-term use.Item Comparison of the Efficacy of Cabergoline and Bromocriptine in a Rat Model of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome(2018) Coban, Pinar Gulsen; Oruc, Ayla Sargin; Ozaksit, M. Gulnur; Demirtas, Aysegul; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Fidan, Pinar Ayran; Sirvan, Levent; Eroglu, Semra; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6026-0045; AAH-8887-2021; AAD-8353-2020OBJECTIVE: To compare cabergoline and bromocriptine for their effectiveness in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and their impact on endometrial receptivity in a rat model. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 25 immature Wistar female rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: group 1 (control), group 2 (hyperstimulated), group 3 (cabergoline), group 4 (2 mg/kg bromocriptine), and group 5 (4 mg/kg bromocriptine). Body-ovarian weights, the number of corpora lutea, and endometrial receptivity were investigated. RESULTS: Cabergoline appeared to be less effective in reduction in body weight (p = 0.042). Ovarian weight was significantly reduced by a higher dose of bromocriptine (p<0.000). The number of corpora lutea were similar. In the cabergoline group, endometrial pinopode expression was reduced. In the bromocriptine groups the presence of pinopode formation was not affected, whereas some of those displayed different structural features like dome or racket shaped of yet undetermined significance. CONCLUSION: According to our findings, bromocriptine, particularly in higher doses, might be preferred with regard to ovarian mass suppression, weight gain, and pinopode expression. Further studies assessing the efficacy and safety of different doses of bromocriptine administration in OHSS followed by clinical trials about implantation and pregnancy rates are required.Item Effects of Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane on Sciatic Nerve Regeneration(2018) Bayram, Burak; Akdeniz, Sidika Sinem; Diker, Nurettin; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Erdem, Saban Remzi; 0000-0002-7825-1083; 0000-0002-6026-0045; 0000-0002-7537-2170; 29381631; AAS-4519-2020; AAH-8887-2021; AAJ-2370-2021Alternative treatment approaches to improve the regeneration capacity of damaged peripheral nerves are currently under investigation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane after sciatic nerve crush injury in rabbits by histomorphometric and electromyographic analysis. The left sciatic nerves of 20 male Vienna rabbits were clamped for 30seconds to induce crush injuries. Animals were randomly divided into 2 groups: PRF and control. For each animal in the PRF group, a PRF membrane was wrapped around the injured part of the sciatic nerve to form a tube. No additional treatment was performed in the control group. After a 12-week healing period, tissue samples from the injured nerve region were harvested and the g-ratio of axons, axon density, and impulse transmission changes were evaluated. Analysis revealed that axon density differences were not statistically significant between groups (P=0.139). The rate of nerve fibers with optimum g-ratio was significantly lower in the PRF group than in the control group (P=0.02). Conduction velocity differences between groups were not statistically significant. Although PRF application has previously shown positive regeneration effects on maxillofacial tissues, local PRF membrane application in tube form did not show any histomorphometric or functional improvement in peripheral nerve crush injury recovery.Item Effects of topical Coenzyme Q10, Xanthan Gum and Sodium Hyaluronate on corneal epithelial wound healing(2021) Asena, Leyla; Gokgoz, Gulsah; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Ozgun, Gonca; Deniz, Emine Ebru; Altinors, Dilek Dursun; 0000-0002-6848-203X; 0000-0002-4837-7937; 0000-0002-6026-0045; 34134604; E-5914-2016; AAY-7932-2021; AAH-8887-2021Background: The aim was to compare the effects of three different eye drops on corneal epithelial wound healing in an experimental model. Methods: Twenty-four eyes of 24 female BALB/c mice were included. A 2 mm central corneal epithelial defect was created. Topical Coenzyme Q10 + Vitamin E D-alpha-TPGS 4 x 1 was applied to Group A (n = 6), topical Sodium hyaluronate + Xanthan Gum + 0.3% Nethylmicine 4 x 1 to Group B (n = 6) and topical Sodium hyaluronate 4 x 1 to Group C (n = 6). Group D (n = 6) was the control group without treatment. Clinical scoring according to corneal fluorescein staining and histopathological evaluations was performed. Results: Clinical scores according to corneal fluorescein staining were similar in all groups on days 1 (p = 0.05), 2 (p = 0.15) and 3 (p = 0.62). Electron microscopy revealed disruption of intercellular junctions between corneal epithelial cells and intracellular vacuole formation in all groups except Group A. Corneal epithelial thickness and superficial epithelial microvillus arrangement were close to normal in Group A. Conclusion: Although there was no difference in clinical scores between groups, electron microscopy revealed a better organised epithelium with normal configuration of microvilli and less vacuolisation in Group AItem Role of autophagy and evaluation the effects of microRNAs 214, 132, 34c and prorenin receptor in a rat model of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(2021) Yildirim, Derya; Bender, Onur; Karagoz, Zehra Firat; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Bilgic, Mukadder Ayse; Akcay, Ali; Ruzgaresen, Nuket Bavbek; 0000-0002-6026-0045; 34087284Aims: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is the common cause of chronic renal disease worldwide. Although there are many etiologic factors which have common theme of podocyte injury conclusive etiology is not clearly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of podocyte injury, which is the key point in disease progression, and the roles of intrarenal microRNAs and the prorenin receptor (PRR) in the 5/6 nephrectomy and adriamycin nephropathy models of FSGS. Main methods: For experimental FSGS model, 5/6 nephrectomy and adriamycin nephropathy models were created and characterized in adult Sprague Dawley rats. Microarray analysis was performed on FSGS and control groups that was confirmed by q-RT-PCR. Beclin1, LC3B, PRR, ATG7 and ATG5 expression were evaluated by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Also, Beclin1 and PRR expression were measured by ELISA. Glomerular podocyte isolation was performed and autophagic activity was evaluated in podocytes before and after transfection with miRNA mimic and antagonists. Key findings: Glomerular expression of Beclin1, LC3B, PRR, ATG7 and ATG5 were significantly lower in the 5/6 nephrectomy than adriamycin nephropathy group and in both groups lower when compared to control groups. Western blot results were consistent with immunohistochemical data. Electron microscopy revealed signs of impaired autophagy in FSGS. Autophagic activity decreased significantly after miR-214, miR-132 and miR-34c mimics and increased after transfection with antagonists. Significance: These results showed that the role of autophagic activity and decreased expression of PRR in FSGS pathogenesis and miR-34c, miR-132 and miR-214 could be a potential treatment strategy by regulating autophagy.Item Antiproliferative and Mitochondrial Protective Effects of Apigenin in an Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy In Vivo Mouse Model(2021) Sezenoz, Almila Sarigul; Akkoyun, Imren; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Haberal, Nihan; Dagdeviren, Attila; Bacanli, Didem; Yilmaz, Gursel; Oto, Sibel; 0000-0002-2860-7424; 34665015; AAK-7713-2021Purpose: To investigate the effects of a common dietary flavonoid apigenin on retinal endothelial cell proliferation, retinal morphological structure, and apoptotic cell death in an oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model to evaluate the possibility of the use of apigenin in the treatment of ocular neovascular diseases (ONDs). Methods: Ninety-six newborn C57BL/6J mice were included. Eight groups were randomized, each including 12 mice. Two negative control groups were kept in room air: the first without any injection and the second received intravitreal (IV) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is the solvent we used. The OIR groups were exposed to 75% +/- 2% oxygen from postnatal days (PD) 7 to 12. On PD 12, the mice were randomly assigned to 6 groups: 2 OIR control groups (1 received no injection, 1 received IV-DMSO), 2 IV-apigenin groups (10 and 20 mu g/mL), and 2 intraperitoneal (IP)-apigenin groups (10 and 20 mg/kg). We quantified retinal endothelial cell proliferation by counting neovascular tufts in cross-sections and examined histological and ultrastructural changes through light and electron microscopy. We evaluated apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end-labeling (TUNEL). Results: We detected a significant increase in endothelial cell proliferation in the OIR groups. Groups receiving apigenin, both IP and IV, had significant decreases in endothelial cells, atypical mitochondrion count, and apoptotic cells compared with the groups receiving no injections. None of the apigenin-injected groups revealed cystic degeneration or cell loss. Conclusions: Apigenin suppresses neovascularization, has antiapoptotic and antioxidative effects in an OIR mouse model, and can be considered a promising agent for treating OND. Clinical trial (Project number: DA15/19).Item Comparative effects of photobiomodulation therapy at wavelengths of 660 and 808 nm on regeneration of inferior alveolar nerve in rats following crush injury(2020) Diker, Nurettin; Aytac, Duygu; Helvacioglu, Fatma; Oguz, Yener; 0000-0002-6026-0045; 31273571; AAH-8887-2021The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of 660-nm and 880-nm photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) following inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) crush injury. Following the nerve crush injuries of IAN, 36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups as follows: (1) control, (2) 660-nm PBMT, and (3) 808-nm PBMT (GaAlAs laser, 100 J/cm(2), 70 mW, 0.028-cm(2) beam). PBMT was started immediately after surgery and performed once every 3 days during the postoperative period. At the end of the 30-day treatment period, histopathological and histomorphometric evaluations of tissue sections were made under a light and electron microscope. The ratio of the inner axonal diameter to the total outer axonal diameter (g-ratio) and the number of axons per square micrometer were evaluated. In the 808-nm PBMT group, the number of nerve fibers with suboptimal g-ratio ranges of 0-0.49 (p < 0.001) is significantly lower than expected, which indicates better rate of myelinization in the 808-nm PBMT group. The number of axons per square micrometer was significantly higher in the 808-nm PBMT group when compared with the control (p < 0.001) and 660-nm PBMT group (p = 0.010). The data and the histopathological investigations suggest that the PBMT with the 808-nm wavelength along with its settings was able to enhance IAN regeneration after nerve crush injury.