TR-Dizin Kapalı Erişimli Yayınlar

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Wegener Granulomatosis Complicated by Brain Abscess Caused by Nocardia spp.
(2016) Sahin, Sevgi; Balcan, Baran; Kiziltas, Safak; Aydin, Mehtap; Y-1366-2018; A-4721-2018
Wegener granulomatosis is a multisystemic disease associated with high mortality rate and characterized by necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis predominantly in the respiratory tract and kidneys. Presence of kidney failure at the time of diagnosis describes a poor prognostic marker. We presented a Wegener granulomatosis case complicated with brain abscess caused by Nocardia.
Multiple Systems Metastasis Bladder Cancer with Imaging Findings
(2016) Tok, Sermin; Altinkaya, Naime; Nursal, Gul Nihal; 0000-0002-5302-4386; 0000-0003-1348-8167; R-3735-2016; AAM-5169-2021
Effect of L-arginine on Hemodynamic, Biochemical, and Histopathological Outcomes in a New Zealand Rabbit Model of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
(2016) Ozulku, Mehmet; Aygun, Fatih
Objective: In this study, we investigated the effect of L-arginine on hemodynamic, biochemical, and histopathological changes in a rabbit model with renal ischemia. Methods: Forty white New Zealand rabbits were used. The rabbits were divided into two groups as the control group (n=20) and L-arginine group (n=20). They were monitored by cannulating the auricular and femoral arteries. An aortic occlusion catheter was inserted through the contralateral femoral artery and was extended to the distal aspect of the left subclavian artery; it was then inflated, and occlusion was performed for 30 min. All rabbits received 4 mL/kg/h of NaCl infusion during the course of occlusion and within the first 60 min of reperfusion. In the L-arginine group, L-arginine was infused at a dosage of 3 mg/kg/h through the auricular vein during the first 60 min of occlusion and perfusion. Blood samples for biochemical parameters [glucose, lactate, hematocrit, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine] were obtained in the peri-ischemic period, in the 20th minute of reperfusion, and just before sacrificing (48th hour). A histopathological examination was performed in both renal tissues. Histopathological scoring was performed by taking tubular epithelial cell flattening, brush border loss, cytoplasmic vacuolization, cell necrosis, and tubular lumen obstruction into consideration. All animals were sacrificed 48 h after the procedure. Results: A significant difference was found between the L-arginine and control groups in terms of the hemodynamic outcomes and 48th hour BUN and serum creatinine levels (p<0.05). The histopathological examination revealed a mean score of 3.2 +/- 0.89 in the control group and 2.60 +/- 0.68 in the L-arginine group (p<0.05) (p=0.022). Conclusion: It can be suggested that L-arginine reduces renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and in particular, the histopathological effects.
The relation of presenting symptoms with staging, grading, and postoperative 3-year mortality in patients with stage I-III non-metastatic colon cancer
(2016) Bedir, Osman; Kiziltas, Safak; Kostek, Osman; Ozkanli, Seyma; 27210779
Background/Aims: To evaluate the association of presenting symptoms with staging, grading, and postoperative 3-year mortality in patients with colon cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 132 patients-with a mean (standard deviation; SD) age of 63.0 (10.0) years and of whom 56.0% were males-with non-metastatic stage I-III colon cancer were included. Symptoms prior to diagnosis were evaluated with respect to tumor localization, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, histological grade, and postoperative 3-year mortality. Results: Constipation and abdominal pain were the two most common symptoms appearing first (29.5% and 16.7%, respectively) and remained most predominant (25.0% and 20.0%, respectively) up to diagnosis. The frequency of admission symptoms significantly differed with respect to tumor location, TNM stage and histological grade. The postoperative 3-year survival rate was 61.4%. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that melena and rectal bleeding increased the likelihood of 3-year mortality by 13.6-fold (p=0.001) and 4.08-fold (p=0.011), respectively. Conclusion: Our findings revealed differences in presenting symptom profiles with respect to the time of manifestation and predominance as well as to the TNM stage, histological grade, and tumor location. Given that melena and rectal bleeding increased the 3-year mortality risk by 13.6-fold and 4.08-fold, respectively, our findings indicate the association of admission symptoms with outcome among patients with colon cancer.
After a Workshop on the Novel Antivirals for Treatment of Hepatitis C Virus Infection (4-6 December 2015, Istanbul)
(2016) Tekin, Suda; Aygen, Bilgehan; Aydin, Mehtap; Simsek, Funda
Etiologies, outcomes, and prognostic factors of pediatric acute liver failure: A single center's experience in Turkey
(2016) Ozcay, Figen; Karadag-Oncel, Eda; Baris, Zeren; Canan, Oguz; Moray, Gokhan; Haneral, Mehmet; 0000-0003-2498-7287; 0000-0002-3462-7632; 0000-0002-5214-516X; 0000-0003-0614-4497; 27782894; AAE-1041-2021; AAJ-8097-2021; ABG-5684-2020; AAB-4153-2020; AAI-9386-2021
Background/Aims: Our aim was to determine the etiologies, outcomes, and prognostic indicators in children with acute liver failure. Materials and Methods: Ninety-one patients who were followed for pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) over a 15-year period were included. Patients who survived with supportive therapy were designated as Group 1, while those who died or underwent liver transplantation were designated as Group 2. Results: There were 37 (40.6%) patients in Group 1 (spontaneous recovery) and 54 (59.4%) patients in Group 2. Thirty-two patients (35.2%) underwent liver transplantation. Infectious and indeterminate causes were the most common etiologies (33% each). Among the infectious causes, hepatitis A (76%) was the most frequent. Hepatic encephalopathy grade 3-4 on admission and during follow-up and high Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM) and Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease (PELD) scores within the first 24 h were related with a poor prognosis. Group 2 had a more prolonged prothrombin time, higher international normalized ratio, more prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and higher levels of total and direct bilirubin, ammonia, and lactate (for all, p<0.01). Conclusion: Infectious and indeterminate cases constituted the most common etiology of PALF, and the etiology was related to the prognosis in our series. Although high PELD and PRISM scores were related to poor prognoses, no sharp thresholds for individual laboratory tests could be elucidated. Liver transplantation was the only curative treatment for patients with poor prognoses and resulted in high survival rates (1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates of 81.3%, 81.3%, and 75%, respectively) in our study.
Effects of Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy on Pain, Grip Strength, and Functionality in Patients with Lateral Epicondylitis: A Randomized Controlled Study
(2016) Yuruk, Zeliha Ozlem; Kirdi, Nuray; Simsek, Nihal
Objective: In this study, the effects of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (RESWT) on pain, grip strength, and functionality were investigated in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Methods: The study included 30 patients who were divided into two groups: RESWT and exercise and placebo RESWT and exercise. In the RESWT and exercise group, RESWT was applied at 2000 pulses, once a week, for a total of three sessions, and in the placebo RESWT and exercise group, RESWT was applied at 20 pulses, once a week, for a total of three sessions. Patients in all groups underwent stretching and eccentric strengthening exercises. Patients were evaluated before and after undergoing the treatment and at 6 and 12 weeks after undergoing the treatment using a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain intensity during palpation and gripping, dynamometer for grip strength, and patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) for functionality. Results: There were statistically significant differences between groups with respect to all parameters, except VAS during palpation (p<0.05). With time, there were more significant changes in VAS during palpation and gripping, grip strength, and PRTEE in the RESWT and exercise group compared with those in the placebo RESWT and exercise group (p<0.05). Conclusion: We concluded that using RESWT combined with other conservative treatments, mostly exercise, could be more effective.
Is there any association between colonic polyps and gastric intestinal metaplasia?
(2016) Unler, Gulhan Kanat; Ozgur, Gulsum Teke; Gokturk, Huseyin Savas; Korkmaz, Huseyin; Erinanc, Ozgur Hilal; 27210777
Background/Aims: Chronic gastritis progression is a multistep process of atrophy, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and dysplasia, which may lead to invasive carcinoma. In this study, we identified an association of colonic polyps with gastric IM in patients undergoing colonoscopy. Materials and Methods: This retrospective case-control, cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary-care institution in Turkey. Pathology and endoscopy reports were reviewed. The study group comprised 400 patients with colonic adenomatous polyps, and the control group comprised 360 patients without colonic adenomatous polyps on colonoscopy. Results: The risk of gastric IM was 1.42-fold higher in the study group (p<0.05). The risk of IM in patients aged >= 50 years with colonic polyps was 3.35-fold higher than in those aged <50 years (p<0.05). The risk of Helicobacter pylori infection in the study group was 1.07-folder higher than that in the control group (p<0.05). H. pylori infection prevalence was higher only in patients with high-grade colonic polyp dysplasia (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of incomplete IM between the groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study observed increased rates of gastric IM with colonic polyps. An increased risk of gastric IM was associated with higher grades of polyp dysplasia.
The Impact of Employees' Perceived Business Ethics and Ethical Climate on Organizational Social Capital
(2017) Gucel, Cem; Tastan, Secil Bal
In this study, the authors have attempted to investigate the impacts of ethical context on social capital through the perspectives of educational staff working in public and private educational institutions. The research model was tested using survey data collected from educational staff members in various in various primary and secondary educational institutions. A micro-level analysis was performed utilizing a structured questionnaire following the convenience sampling method. From the extant literature, ethical context, defined as the set of ethical climate and business ethics perceived by individuals arise as meaningful contextual attributes which affecting organizational social capital. In this study, the authors have operationalized ethical climate by measuring how employees perceive caring, law code, rules, instrumental, and independence dimensions of ethical climate as adopted from Victor and Cullen's typology. To measure business ethics, the scale Perceived Organizational Ethical Values developed by Hunt, Wood, and Chonko was used. Finally, the dependent variable of the research model was measured using Nahapiet and Ghoshal's Internal Social Capital Scale which measuring three dimensions of social capital. It was assumed that the level of perceived ethical climate and business ethics as being the contextual variables would make significant contributions to perceived organizational social capital. Findings from this research indicated that business ethics and ethical climate were both significantly and positively related with social capital, and furthermore, business ethics and ethical climate had a significant positive impact on social capital. According to these results, business ethics and ethical climate perceptions of the educational staff members are the important predictors of perceived social capital in Turkish educational institutions.
Burnout Syndrome Among Physicians: The Role of Socio-Demographic Characteristics
(2017) Ozkula, Guler; Durukan, Elif; 0000-0002-8579-5564; AAJ-8621-2021
Objective: Burnout is a syndrome that occurs in occupational groups, which are in close relation with people and includes dimensions of; emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low sense of personal accomplishment. The aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and burnout syndrome in academic personel working at a hospital of Faculty of Medicine. Method: 258 physicians working at Baskent University Ankara Hospital have been included in the present study voluntarily, between January - April 2014 and they have been administered Socio-Demographic Data Form and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Results: Age, academic title, time span in the profession and at the institution, the number of patients daily examined, administrative tasks, receiving research supports, the number of lectures given were related to all dimensions of burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Personnel assignment, the number of monthly shifts, daily duration of work were related to emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Specialty preferences and intention to continue on the profession were associated with emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment. Personnel assignment criteria and time reserved for academic study were related to only emotional exhaustion whereas accessibility to scientific literature was linked to personal accomplishment. Conclusion: Older age, having an academic title, longer time span in the profession and at the institution, concidering the long term consequences of specialty selection are all individual factors that can be related to burnout syndrome. Developing health policies for an optimal organization of daily work duration, number of patients daily examined and personnel assignment criteria could prevent burnout. Also developing organizational climate to create time for academic study, supporting researches, increasing accessibility to scientific literature and optimization of education seminars in academic physicians could protect them from burnout syndrome. Prospective studies modeling individual and organizational risk factors for burnout on academic physicians will help to further illuminate the measures to protect physicians from burnout syndrome and also contribute to the enhancement of treatment service quality and foster the contribution to academic arena.
Assessing the knowledge in primary health care following an educational course structured in the context of GARD chronic airway diseases national control program
(2017) Balkan, Arzu; Oner Erkekol, Ferda; Kokturk, Nurdan; Mungan, Dilsad; Sackesen, Cansin; Onen, Zeynep Pinar; Ozkan, Secil; Ergun, Pinar; Kocabas, Can Naci; Baran Aksakal, Nur; Ekici, Banu; Ozkan Altunay, Zubeyde; Gemicioglu, Bilun; Yorgancioglu, Arzu; 0000-0002-4032-0944; 28990886; AAC-7548-2020
Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases are common causes of disease in the community and account for considerable percent of the caseload in primary health care facilities. For this reason, it is important to question and improve the knowledge of primary health care physicians. This study is designed to assess the level of knowledge for bronchial asthma and COPD of the primary healthcare physicians, both before and immediately after an educational course structured in the context of GARD Chronic Airway Diseases National Control Program. Materials and Methods: The participating physicians attended an intensive educational course on asthma and COPD. Twenty five item questionnaires for asthma and COPD were administered to the participants both before and immediately after the end of the course. Contribution of education to the level of knowledge was investigated by comparing the percentages of the correct answers in the pre-and post-test. Results: From 11 different cities, 1817 and 1788 primary health care physician were attended to the asthma and COPD educations, respectively. The accuracy rate of >= 75% was obtained from only 4 questions in pre-test asthma questionnaire. On the contrary, in 15 questions the accuracy rate was < 50%. The mean accuracy rate for the whole asthma test was 45.8%, and this rate raised to 69.6% after education course. The accuracy rate of >= 75% could not be obtained from any of the questions in pre-test COPD questionnaire. On the contrary, in 19 questions the accuracy rate was < 50%. The mean accuracy rate for the whole asthma test was 42.0%, and this rate raised to 71.3% after education course. Conclusion: It has been shown that, in primary care settings, the level of knowledge in asthma and COPD should be enhanced and that this increase can be achieved with an education course.
Schistosomiasis and pulmonary hypertension
(2017) Sen, Nazan; 0000-0002-4171-7484; 29135402; AAI-8947-2021
Schistosomiasis is one of the most prevelant parazitic diseases in the world. It is endemic in more than 70 countries, and more than 200 million people worldwide are infected with Schistosoma. Pulmonary hypertension (PHT) is one of the chronic complications of schistosomiasis. The exact pathogenesis of schistosomiasisassociated pulmonary hypertension (S-PHT) remains unclear, although several mechanisms such as parazitic arterial embolisation, pulmonary arteriopathy, and portopulmonary hypertension have been suggested. Pathological pulmonary vascular changes in S-PHT were found similar to those in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). The fact that schistosomiasis is one of the most common causes of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), particularly in the developing countries, underlines the importance of enhancing our knowledge on this disease. Developments in the treatment of PAH have resulted in improved prognosis and significant increase in life expectancy and quality of life in the last two decades, which has enhanced the importance of S-PHT. Schistosomiasis is treated with praziquantel. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence that this treatment is effective for PHT. Although antihelmintic medications do not lead to significant improvement, they have beneficial effects and may slow down disease progression. Using PAH-specific treatments in the patients with schistosomiasis-associated PAH (S-PAH) can improve prognosis. However, inadequate clinical studies and limited sources in the endemic regions restrict extensive usage of these expensive medications. Further studies are required to determine the efficacy of these treatment modalities.
Vertebroplasty in Vertebral Compression Fractures: Single Institute Experience with 49 Cases
(2017) Altınel, Faruk; Soylev, Gozde Ozcan; Tuncali, Bahattin; Altinors, Mehmet Nur; 0000-0002-7898-2943; 0000-0001-8742-5543; 0000-0002-8326-3900; AAJ-7840-2021; AAJ-4917-2021; AAJ-5382-2021
Objective: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is the preferred treatment option for vertebral compression fractures (VCF). In this study, the efficacy and complications of PVP were investigated among 49 patients with VCF. Methods: Forty-nine patients with VCF due to osteoporosis, trauma, osteolytic bone tumors, metastases or leukemia who were admitted to our hospital between 2012 and 2015 and treated with PVP were included in the study. In patients' preoperative and postoperative evaluation, a visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess back and leg pain, preoperative routine lumbar vertebral radiography was used for fracture morphology, lumbar magnetic resonance imaging was performed, and the segmental kyphotic angle, vertebral corpus compression rate, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement volume, and diffusion of PMMA were recorded. Results: Preoperative and postoperative VAS scores were 8.6 +/- 0.9 vs. 1.13 +/- 1.1 (p < 0.01). The approximate compression rate was 24.72 +/- 13.99 %, the ratio of approximate restoration height was 3.47 +/- 5.36, and the mean kyphosis angle was 7.35 +/- 6.81 degrees. The mean pre- and postoperative values of vertebral height were 1.83 +/- 0.39 cm vs1.88 +/- 0.36 cm (P <.01). Conclusion: In this study, preoperative pain in patients with VCF prominently diminished in the postoperative early and late phase. After PVP, vertebral height showed a subtle increase.
An Extremely Rare Kidney Tumor: Primary Intraparenchymal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
(2017) Ipekci, Tumay; Yuksel, Mustafa; Yildiz, Ali; Inal, Gulsah; Ipekci, Oncel; 0000-0002-2755-0526; AAB-2986-2020
Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the renal parenchyma is a rare entity and only 4 cases have been reported in the literature. A 73-year-old female patient presented to our clinic with the complaint of right flank pain. On radiologic evaluation, a 6x5x4 cm hypodense mass showing heterogeneous contrast enhancement was observed in the upper pole of the right kidney. An uneventful laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed. Final pathologic diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. No pathological involvement was observed on postoperative positron emission tomography/ computed tomography. Our patient is still alive and she has not received any adjuvant treatment.
Turkish Contribution to Journal of Neurosurgery and Acta Neurochirurgica
(2017) Altinors, Nur; Comert, Serhat; Sonmez, Erkin; Altinel, Faruk; 0000-0002-5693-3542; 0000-0002-8326-3900; 27593822; AAI-8820-2021; AAJ-5382-2021
AIM: To evaluate the contribution of Turkish scientists to four journals published by Journal of Neurosurgery (JNS) Publishing Group and to Acta Neurochirurgica (AN) and to its Supplement (ANS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed every issue of those journals to December 2015 for the total number of articles, articles produced from studies performed entirely in Turkey, and for publications overseas co-authored by the Turkish scientists using the websites of these journals. Citations were searched using "Web of Science" and "Google Scholar" databases. RESULTS: The total number of articles published was 19822 for JNS, 3227 for JNS Spine, 2526 for JNS Pediatrics and 2997 for Neurosurgical Focus. Turkish contribution was 556 articles. 337 (60.61%) articles were the products of studies performed entirely in Turkey, while 219 (39.38%) articles came from overseas, co-authored by Turkish scientists. Overall contribution was 1.94%. A total of 6469 articles were published in AN. 340 papers were the products of studies performed entirely in Turkey. Turkish scientists working overseas co-authored 37 articles. Total contribution was 377 articles (5.82%). 4134 papers had been published in ANS. Contribution was 69 articles (1.66%). CONCLUSION: Turkish contribution to these journals has started late. The gap has been compensated with publications in the last two decades. Manuscripts of higher scientific level with greater number of citations are needed to increase Turkish contribution to such journals.
Thiol/Disulphide Homeostasis in Men with Heroin Addiction
(2017) Kotan, Vahap Ozen; Yilmaz, Fatma Meric; Neselioglu, Salim; Erel, Ozcan; Okay, Ihsan Tuncer; Kiral, Serkan; Bakirhan, Abdurrahim; Goka, Erol
Objective: Heroin addicts have increased oxidative stress which can disturb thiol/disulfide (SH/SS) homeostasis, causing disulfide formation. No study has determined the serum thiol amount and blood disulfide amount in heroin addicts. The aim of the study was to investigate dynamic SH/SS homeostasis in heroin addicts. Methods: Serum SH/SS statuses of 31 heroin addicts and 31 healthy controls were compared to determine the changes in SH/SS homeostasis in heroin addicts. Blood serum native thiol and total thiol (ToSH) levels were measured and the disulfide bond amount was calculated as the half value of the difference between native thiol and ToSH levels. For comparison t-test was used. Results: SH and ToSH levels were significantly lower (p<0.001 for both) in heroin addicts than in the healthy group whereas disulfide levels were significantly higher (p<0.001). Heroin addicts had significantly higher SS/ToSH and SS/SH ratios and significantly lower SH/ToSH ratios than healthy individuals. Conclusion: The results showed that SH and ToSH levels were decreased in heroin addicts and SH/SS homeostasis was also disturbed with a shift to the disulfide bond formation side. Results of this study could contribute to the knowledge about pathogenesis of heroin addiction and also to its management. We suggest that replacement of the thiol gap and reduction of excess SS might have positive effects in treatment results.
The role of lifestyle changes in gastroesophageal reflux diseases treatment
(2017) Dagli, Ulku; Kalkan, Ismail Hakki; 0000-0003-0664-0976; 29199165; S-4068-2018
Lifestyle modification has an important role in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The development of GERD symptoms with various foods shows individual differences. Although there is not enough evidence that certain substances in a diet could lead to GERD symptoms, the literature suggests that there might be a relationship between reflux development and salt, salted foods, chocolate, fatty foods, and fizzy drinks. Because lying on the left side and raising the head of the bed in a supine position reduces the development of nocturnal reflux symptoms, the head should be elevated for patients with reflux symptoms at night, and the patient should lie on the left side. Smoking and obesity (especially abdominal) trigger GERD symptoms. Whereas excessive physical activity is a significant risk factor for the development of GERD, regular and mild-moderate physical activity has been shown to reduce the symptoms of reflux.
Differences in Physical Activity and Physical Fitness Level in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome and Healthy Individuals
(2017) Ozkoslu, Manolya Acar; Tonga, Eda; Daskapan, Arzu; Karatas, Metin; Tekindal, M. Agah; 0000-0002-4060-7048; U-9270-2018
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the physical activity and physical fitness levels in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and to compare the data with those in healthy individuals. Methods: The study included 82 patients with FMS and 110 healthy individuals. In order to compare physical activity levels, all the subjects responded to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Long Form (IPAQ). The health-related physical fitness of the subjects was evaluated by body composition, muscle endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and balance. Body mass index (BMI), sit-up test, 6-min walk test, sit and reach test, body lateral flexion, and Kinesthetic Ability Trainer 3000 (KAT 3000) were used to determine body composition, muscle endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and balance, respectively. Results: Of the patients with FMS, 36.6% were inactive, 45.1% were insufficiently active, and 18.3% were active. Of the healthy individuals, 40.9% were active, 36.4% were insufficiently active, and 22.7% were inactive. Significant differences were found (p<0.05) in IPAQ walking and total scores between the groups. The sit-up test scores (p<0.001) and right and left body lateral flexion scores (p<0.001) were significantly different between the FMS patient and control groups. Conclusion: Our results showed that the physical activity and physical fitness levels of patients with FMS were lower than those of healthy individuals.
Hybrid War and Its Strategic Implications to Turkey
(2017) Bingol, Oktay; 0000-0002-4794-5656; AAA-5129-2020
Discussions on the hybrid threats and hybrid wars have begun to gain interest among the security communities around the world since 2000s, and exponentially increased after Russian-Ukraine conflict in 2014. The political and military conflict between Russia and Turkey since November 2015 has carried the discussion to Turkey. Now it is believed that Turkey is in fact in a multi-front hybrid war with some of its neighbors but not just Russia. In this article it is aimed to fully explore hybrid war concept and its strategic implications to Turkey. The definitions of hybrid threat, hybrid conflict and hybrid war is considered in the first section. Then Russian hybrid war concept is discussed. Next, features and consequences of hybrid war are applied to Turkey in order to identify the strategic implications. Finally, recommendations are made as to a way ahead for Turkish decision makers with respect to fighting hybrid war.
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Related Variables in Families of Children with Disabilities
(2017) Olgunsoylu, Burcu; Gul, Seray Olcay; Ardic, Avsar; Unal, Yesim
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects and relationships of variables related to the children with disabilities and their parents as well as the diagnosis process and informing parents after the diagnosis and variables which might be related to the traumatic stress levels of the parents of children with disabilities on parents' traumatic stress levels. This study which was conducted as relational research included a total of 347 parents of children with disabilities. Data collection forms included personal information form, Traumatic Stress Symptom Scale, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. The results showed that traumatic stress levels of parents of children with physical impairments were higher than other parents, there was a significant relationship between the time passed after the diagnosis and parents' traumatic stress levels; there was significant relationship between the parents' age and parents's traumatic stress levels; parents' traumatic stress levels didn't differ in terms of gender; traumatic stress levels of single parents were higher than married parents.