Browsing by Author "Dolu, Nazan"

Now showing 1 - 18 of 18

Combining functional near-infrared spectroscopy and EEG measurements for the diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
(2020) Guven, Aysegul; Altinkaynak, Miray; Dolu, Nazan; Izzetoglu, Meltem; Pektas, Ferhat; Ozmen, Sevgi; Demirci, Esra; Batbat, Turgay; 0000-0002-3104-7587; AAG-4494-2019
Recently multimodal neuroimaging which combines signals from different brain modalities has started to be considered as a potential to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. The current study aimed to explore a new method for discriminating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients and control group by means of simultaneous measurement of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty-three pre-medicated combined type ADHD children and 21 healthy children were included in the study. Nonlinear brain dynamics of subjects were obtained from EEG signal using Higuchi fractal dimensions and Lempel-Ziv complexity, latency and amplitude values of P3 wave obtained from auditory evoked potentials and frontal cortex hemodynamic responses calculated from fNIRS. Lower complexity values, prolonged P3 latency and reduced P3 amplitude values were found in ADHD children. fNIRS indicated that the control subjects exhibited higher right prefrontal activation than ADHD children. Features are analyzed, looking for the best classification accuracy and finally machine learning techniques, namely Support Vector Machines, Naive Bayes and Multilayer Perception Neural Network, are introduced for EEG signals alone and for combination of fNIRS and EEG signals. Naive Bayes provided the best classification with an accuracy rate of 79.54% and 93.18%, using EEG and EEG-fNIRS systems, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that utilization of information by combining features obtained from fNIRS and EEG improves the classification accuracy. As a conclusion, our method has indicated that EEG-fNIRS multimodal neuroimaging is a promising method for ADHD objective diagnosis.
Combining functional near-infrared spectroscopy and EEG measurements for the diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (vol 32, pg 8367, 2020)
(2022) Guven, Aysegul; Altinkaynak, Miray; Dolu, Nazan; Izzetoglu, Meltem; Pektas, Ferhat; Ozmen, Sevgi; Demirci, Esra; Batbat, Turgay
The correlation between serum vitamin d and oocyte quality, potential of fertilization and embryo development in the assisted reproductive technology (art) cases
(Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2022) Ben Zair, Asma Bashir; Dolu, Nazan
There is increasing interest in vitamin D research as a result of the increased incidence of vitamin D insufficiency. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with a number of acute and chronic disorders. There is increasing evidence that 25-hydroxy[25(OH)] vitamin D has important effects on a variety of systems, including the human reproductive system. Vitamin D can help regulate the menstrual cycle, endometrial proliferation, follicular development, relief of early dysmenorrhea, and decrease vaginal fibroid. Studies show that women with high levels of vitamin D in their blood are more likely to conceive. The aim of this study is to show whether there is a relationship between 25 (OH) vitamin D blood levels and oocyte quality, in vitro division success and embryo quality in IVF patients. Individuals who underwent IVF treatment at a health center in Misurata, Libya between January 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels of the patients were recorded before and after the treatment. All patients in the study were administered vitamin D at a dose of 1,500 to 2,000 IU (3 sprays per day) for two months after treatment was started. A statistically significant difference was found in LH levels before and after treatment. However, no significant difference was observed between vitamin D supplementation and oocyte quality, in vitro division success and embryo quality. In this study, it was shown that vitamin D supplementation did not affect women in infertile marriages. Additional studies are needed to see in more detail whether vitamin D supplementation will help in vitro fertilization success.D vitamini yetersizliği insidansının artmasının bir sonucu olarak D vitamini araştırmalarına daha fazla ilgi duyulmaktadır. D vitamini yetersizliği, bir dizi akut ve kronik bozuklukla ilişkilendirilmiştir. 25-hidroksi [25(OH)] D vitamininin insan üreme sistemi de dahil olmak üzere çeşitli sistemlere önemli etkileri olduğuna dair kanıtlar artmaktadır. D vitamini, adet döngüsün düzenlenmesi, endometriyal proliferasyon, foliküler gelişim, erken dismenorenin rahatlaması ve vajinal fibroidin azalmasına yardımcı olabilir. Çalışmalar, kanında D vitamini düzeyi yüksek olan kadınların gebe kalma olasılığının daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tüp bebek hastalarında 25 (OH) D vitamini kan seviyeleri ile oosit kalitesi, in vitro bölünme başarısı ve embriyo kalitesi arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını göstermektir. Ocak 2018 ile Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında Libya, Misurata'daki bir sağlık merkezinde tüp bebek tedavisi gören bireyler geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Hastaların tedavi öncesi ve sonrası Luteinizan Hormon (LH) seviyeleri kaydedildi. Çalışmaya katılan tüm hastalara tedaviye başlandıktan sonra, iki ay boyunca günde 1.500 ile 2.000 IU (günde 3 sprey) dozunda D vitamini uygulandı. Tedaviden önce ve sonra LH seviyelerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulundu. Ancak D vitamini takviyesi ile oosit kalitesi, in vitro bölünme başarısı ve embriyo kalitesi arasında anlamlı farklılık gözlenmedi. Bu çalışmada, D vitamini takviyesinin kısır evliliklerdeki kadınlar üzerindeki etkisinin olmadığı gösterilmiştir. D vitamini takviyesinin invitro fertilizasyon başarısına yardımcı olup olmayacağını daha ayrıntılı görmek için ek çalışmalara ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır.
Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with combined time and frequency features
(2020) Altinkaynak, Miray; Dolu, Nazan; Guven, Aysegul; Pektas, Ferhat; Ozmen, Sevgi; Demirci, Esra; Izzetoglu, Meltem; 0000-0002-3104-7587; AAG-4494-2019
The aim of this study was to build a machine learning model to discriminate Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) patients and healthy controls using information from both time and frequency analysis of Event Related Potentials (ERP) obtained from Electroencephalography (EEG) signals while participants performed an auditory oddball task. The study included 23 unmedicated ADHD patients and 23 healthy controls. The EEG signal was analyzed in time domain by nonlinear brain dynamics and morphological features, and in time-frequency domain with wavelet coefficients. Selected features were applied to various machine learning techniques including; Multilayer Perceptron, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, k-nearest neighbor, Adaptive Boosting, Logistic Regression and Random Forest to classify ADHD patients and healthy controls. Longer P300 latencies and smaller P300 amplitudes were observed in ADHD patients relative to controls. In fractal dimension calculation relative to the control group, the ADHD group demonstrated reduced complexity. In addition, certain wavelet coefficients provided significantly different values in both groups. Combining these extracted features, our results indicated that Multilayer Perceptron method provided the best classification with an accuracy rate of 91.3% and a high level of reliability of concurrence (Kappa = 0.82). The results showed that combining time and frequency domain features can be a useful and discriminative for diagnostic purposes in ADHD. The study presents a supporting diagnostic tool that uses EEG signal processing and machine learning algorithms. The findings would be helpful in the objective diagnosis of ADHD. (C) 2020 Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The Effect of a High Dose of Vitamin D on Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats
(2021) Elshahoubi, Taha Hussein; Dolu, Nazan
The effect of a high dose of vitamin D on spatial learning and memory in rats
(Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2021) Elshahoubi, Taha; Dolu, Nazan
“Vitamin D” is a prohormone steroid and has a place with the fat-soluble vitamins. It’s liable for endocrine, paracrine and autocrine functions. Vitamin D is likewise basic for calcium absorption, bone mineralization, calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, nerve conduction, hormonal release, and neuromuscular function, acts as a natural antioxidant. Its impact on learning has not been widely reported. In the literature, there are several of discrepancies among age groups when it comes to this condition. This study aimed to see how vitamin D supplementation affected the cognitive performance of young male rats in the Morris water maze. Serving this purpose, 36 young male Wistar rats aged 8 weeks old age was divided into three groups with the control group (oral gavage normal saline), low dose vitamin D group (400 IU/ day) and high dose vit D group (1000 IU/ day. Rats were tested for their capacity to memorize the location of a platform after 8 weeks of daily supplementation in two phases: acquisition (next 3 days, fixed platform location), and retention (next 3 days, variable platform location) (forth day, removed platform). There were four trials per day (interval between trials 20-25 minutes). In spatial learning and working memory, the time spent finding the platform and duration of time spent in the quarter area of the maze including the platform were compared statistically in a number indicating the percentage of total time. There were no significant inter-group differences (p>0,05). From the first to the third day of training, all groups of animals improved their learning performance while decreasing the time spent searching for the platform (p<0,05). In this study, it was shown that 8 weeks of 400 and 1000 IU/day vit D application did not have any effect on learning to locate, but it did not cause impairment in the learning process either.
The Effect of High Dose Vitamin D on the Sympathetic Skin Response in Rats
(2022) Masud, Haifa; Dolu, Nazan
Effects of Cognitive Load and State of Vigilance on Sympathetic Skin Response
(2022) Karimi, Nazli; Dolu, Nazan; Kiziltan, Erhan; Sirinoglu, Tugce; Gundogan, Nimet Unay
The Effects of High Dose Vitamin D and Zinc on Anxiety and Exploratory Activity in Rats
(2022) Baroud, Amna Abdulsalam; Dolu, Nazan
The effects of high doses vitamin d on anxiety and exploratory activity behaviours in rats
(Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2021) Eddn Asmaeil, Zahour Gamal; Dolu, Nazan
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin produced in the skin in reaction to exposure to sunshine. It is necessary for a variety of processes, including calcium and phosphate homeostasis, as well as neuromuscular and immunological function. Not many studies have been conducted to examine the relationship between anxiety, exploratory behaviour, and different doses of vitamin D. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of different doses of vitamin D on anxiety-related behaviours in rats using the elevated plus-maze method and on exploratory behaviour and general activity of rats by using the open field test. In this study, 8 weeks old age 36 young male Wistar rats were used. They were divided into 3 groups as sham group and two different doses of vitamin D groups. They were fed with feed containing 300 IU Vit D ad libitum. Sham group (Group 1) took normal water by gavage (n=12). The vitamin D group (Group 2) took 400IU vitamin D, and the last group (Group 3) took 1000IU vitamin D (n=12). The drugs were given once a day for 8 weeks to the groups by gavage. After 8 weeks, the rats were tested in the elevated plus-maze and open field tests. In the open field, spent time in the central area (STC) values of Group 2 (p<0.02) and Group 3 (p<0.05) were found to be much higher than Group 1. While the STC value of Group 3 was the lowest, the STP value was nearly the same in Group 2 and Group 3. The number of rearing was the highest in Group 2. When the elevated plus-maze test evaluated, there were no statistical differences between groups for the spent time in the closed arm (STCA) and spent time in the open arm (STOA), but in Group 2, STCA value was the lowest and STOA value was the highest from other groups. Entry number of closed arms (ECA) value was statistically higher in Group 2 than Group 3 (p=0.05). Our findings showed that 400IU and 1000IU doses of vitamin D exhibited anxiogenic effects, with no significant difference between the two groups. As a result, an increase in vitamin D supplementation causes an increase in anxiety. D vitamini, güneş ışığına maruz kalmaya tepki olarak deride üretilen yağda çözünen bir vitamindir. Kalsiyum ve fosfat homeostazının yanı sıra nöromüsküler ve immünolojik fonksiyon da dahil olmak üzere çeşitli süreçler için gereklidir. Anksiyete, keşif davranışı ve farklı D vitamini dozları arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için çok fazla çalışma yapılmamıştır. Mevcut çalışma, yükseltilmiş artı labirentini kullanarak sıçanlarda farklı D vitamini dozlarının anksiyete ile ilgili davranışlar üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. yöntemi ve açık alan testi kullanılarak sıçanların keşif davranışları ve genel aktiviteleri üzerine. Bu çalışmada 8 haftalık 36 adet genç erkek Wistar rat kullanıldı. Sham grubu, D vitamini grubu olarak 3 gruba ayrıldılar. Ad libitum 300 IU Vit D içeren yemle beslendiler. Sham grubu (grup 1) sonda ile normal su aldı (n=12). D vitamini grubu (grup 2) 400 IU D vitamini aldı ve son grup (grup 3) 1000 IU D vitamini (n=12) aldı. İlaçlar gruplara 8 hafta boyunca günde bir kez gavaj yoluyla verildi. 8 hafta sonra, sıçanlar yükseltilmiş artı labirent ve açık alan testlerinde test edildi. Açık alanda Grup 2 (p<0.02) ve Grup 3(p<0.05) orta alanda geçirilen süre (STC) değerleri Grup 1'e göre çok daha yüksek bulundu. En düşük STP değeri Grup 2 ve Grup 3'te hemen hemen aynıydı. Yetiştirme sayısı Grup 2'de en yüksekti. Yükseltilmiş artı labirent testi değerlendirildiğinde. Grup 2'de diğer gruplara göre kapalı kolda geçirilen süre (STCA) değeri en düşük, açık kolda geçirilen süre (STOA) değeri en yüksek bulundu. kapalı kol giriş sayısı (ECA) değeri Grup 2'de G3'e göre istatistiksel olarak daha yüksekti (p=0,05). Bulgularımız, 400 IU ve 100 IU D vitamini dozlarının ikisi arasında anlamlı bir fark olmaksızın anksiyojenik etkiler sergilediğini gösterdi. Sonuç olarak D vitamini takviyesinin artması anksiyetede artışa neden olur.
Effects of methylphenidate treatment in children with ADHD: a multimodal EEG/fNIRS approach
(2019) Dolu, Nazan; Altinkaynak, Miray; Guven, Aysegul; Ozmen, Sevgi; Demirci, Esra; Izzetoglu, Meltem; Pektas, Ferhat; 0000-0002-3104-7587; AAG-4494-2019
OBJECTIVE In this study we investigated the stimulant methylphenidate (MPH) effects in Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from neuroimaging and neurophysiological perspective by simultaneous recording functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) during attention task. METHODS Using fNIRS we obtained frontal cortex hemodynamic responses and using event related potentials (ERP) we obtained amplitude values of P3 component of 18 children with ADHD and gender matched 18 healthy controls performing an oddball task. Same recordings were repeated 3 months after extended-release MPH (OROS-MPH) administration for ADHD group. Prefrontal cortex oxygenation and P3 amplitude were compared between control and pre-MPH ADHD groups and between Pre-MPH and post-MPH ADHD groups. RESULTS fNIRS indicated that the healthy controls exhibited higher right prefrontal activation than pre-MPH children with ADHD. Reduced P3 amplitude values were found in children with ADHD compared the control group. Reduced right prefrontal activation and P3 amplitude was normalized in ADHD group after MPH therapy. CONCLUSION Recently multimodal neuroimaging which combine signals from different brain modalities have started to be considered as a potential to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. The current study provides MPH effect assessment in children with ADHD using multimodal EEG/fNIRS system for the first time. This study suggests combination of neuroimaging and electrophysiological parameters is a promising approach to investigate MPH effect assessment in children with ADHD.
The effects of vitamin d and zinc on anxiety and exploratory behaviors in rats.
(Başkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2022) Baroud, Amna Abdulsalam; Dolu, Nazan
D vitamini lipofilik bir vitamindir Koronavirüs pandemisi sırasında birçok kişi virüse karşı bağışıklıklarını güçlendirmek için D Vitamini (D vit) ve çinko takviyeleri almaya başlamıştır. Ancak, D vit ve çinkonun anksiyete ve keşif davranışları üzerine etkilerini araştıran bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmada, sıçanlarda değişik dozlardaki D vit ve çinko takviyesinin, anksiyete ve keşif davranışı üzerindeki etkisinin açık alan testi ve yükseltilmiş artı labirent ile araştırılması amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada 48 genç (8 haftalık) erkek Wistar sıçan eşit olarak dört gruba ayrıldı. 8 hafta boyunca günde bir kez olmak üzere Grup 1’e (sham grubu) normal su, Grup II'ye 400 IU/gün D vit, Grup III'e 1000IU/gün D vit gavajla verildi. Grup IV’e altı gün boyunca serum fizyolojik (ip) içinde çözülmüş olarak 30 mg/kg ZnSO4 verildi. 8 hafta sonra, D vit gruplarına altı gün boyunca ZnSO4 (30 mg/kg, serum fizyolojik içinde çözülmüş, ip) ve D vit (400 IU/gün ve 1000 IU/gün, ağızdan) birlikte verildi. Bu sürenin sonunda, sıçanlara açık alan testi (AAT) ve yükseltilmiş artı labirent testi (YAL) uygulandı. Açık alan testinde Grup 2 (p<0.013) ve Grup 3’ün (p<0.003) merkezi alana giriş sayısı (MAG) ve Grup 2 (p<0,039) ve Grup 3’ün (p<0,003) merkez alanda geçirilen süreleri (MAGS) Grup 1'den düşüktü. Grup 2 (p<0,000), Grup 3 (p<0,000) ve Grup 4’de (p<0,000) gerinme sayıları (GS) ve Grup 2 (p<0,000), Grup 3 (p<0,000) ve Grup 4 (p<0,004)’ün dışkılama sayıları (DS) Grup 1’den anlamlı olarak düşüktü. YAL'de Grup 2’nin kapalı alanda geçirilen süresi (KAGS) tüm gruplar arasında en yüksekti. KAGS değeri Grup 2'de Grup 1'e (p<0.01) ve Grup 4'e (p<0.01) göre istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek, açık alanda geçirilen süre (AAGS) değeri Grup 2'de Grup 1'e göre istatistiksel olarak daha düşüktü (p<0.04). Grup 1’in açık kola giriş sayısı (AKG), en yüksek bulundu. Grup 2 (p<0.01) ve Grup 3’ün (p<0.03) AKG değerleri Grup 1'den istatistiksel olarak daha düşüktü. AAT ve YAL sonuçlarımıza göre farklı dozlardaki D vit ile birlikte çinko verilen ratlarda anksiyojenik etkiler görüldü; ancak çinko tek başına uygulandığında anksiyeteyi etkilemedi.Farklı çinko dozlarının kaygı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyacımız bulunmaktadır. Vitamin D is a lipophilic vitamin. During the coronavirus pandemic, many people started taking Vitamin D (vit D) and zinc supplements to increase their immunity against the virus. However, there is no study investigating the effects of vitamin D and zinc on anxiety and exploratory behaviors. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the effect of different doses of vitamin D and zinc supplementation on anxiety and exploratory behavior in rats by open field test and elevated plus maze. In this study, 48 young (8 weeks old) male Wistar rats were equally divided into four groups. Normal water was given to Group 1 (sham group), 400 IU/day D vit to Group II, 1000 IU/day D vit to Group III, once a day for 8 weeks by gavage. 30 mg/kg ZnSO4 dissolved in physiological saline (ip) was administered to group IV for six days. After 8 weeks, vit D groups were given concomitant ZnSO4 (30 mg/kg, dissolved in saline, ip) and vit D (400 IU/day and 1000 IU/day, orally) for six days. At the end of this period, the rats underwent open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze test (EPM). In the open field test, the number of entrances to the central area (NEC) of Group 2 (p<0.013) and Group 3 (p<0.003) and the time spent in the central area (STC) of Group 2 (p<0.039) and Group 3 (p<0.003) was lower than Group 1. The number of rearing (NR) values for Group 2 (p<0.000), Group 3 (p<0.000) and the number of defecation (ND) values of Group 2 (p<0.000), Group 3 (p<0.000) and Group 4 (p<0.004) were significantly lower than Group1. At EPM, Group 2 had the highest spent time in the closed area (STCA) value among all the groups. STCA value was statistically higher at Group 2 than Group 1 (p<0.01) and Group 4 (p<0.01), while spent time in the open area (STOA) value was statistically lower at Group 2 than Group 1 (p<0.04). Group 1 had the highest enter the open arm (EOA). EOA values for Group 2 (p<0.01) and Group 3 (p<0.03) were statistically lower than Group 1. According to our OFT and EPM results, anxiogenic effects were observed in rats given different doses of vitamin D and zinc; however, zinc did not affect anxiety when administered alone. We need more studies to investigate the effect of different doses of zinc on anxiety.
An Empirical Study on the Relationship Between Auditory Evoked Potential's P300 waves& IQ Test Scores
(2018) Pertek, Hanife; Kamasak, Mustafa Ersel; Dolu, Nazan; 0000-0002-3104-7587; AAG-4494-2019
The determination of the intelligence quotient (IQ) of individuals with traditional psychometric tests has been a topic of discussion for a long time. However, in recent years neuropsychological studies have focused on the relationship between IQ and brain waves. In particular, many studies have investigated the relationship between Evoked Potential signals and IQ results. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the P300 signal, one of the Auditory Evoked Potential signals, and the IQ test results. Within the scope of the project, the Raven Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) test was used to measure participants' IQ levels. In addition, to obtain the P300 signal, the Oddball Auditory Stimulus Model participant was applied by Electroencephalography (EEG) device. Signals are received by the MP150 system and the P300 signal is provided by the MAT LAB Signal Processing module. Biostatistical analysis was performed with the data associated.
Evaluation of divided attention using different stimulation models in event-related potentials
(2019) Batbat, Turgay; Gueven, Aysegul; Dolu, Nazan; 0000-0002-3104-7587; 31352660; AAG-4494-2019
Divided attention is defined as focusing on different tasks at once, and this is described as one of the biggest problems of today's society. Default examinations for understanding attention are questionnaires or physiological signals, like evoked potentials and electroencephalography. Physiological records were obtained using visual, auditory, and auditory-visual stimuli combinations with 48 participants-18-25-year-old university students-to find differences between sustained and divided attention. A Fourier-based filter was used to get a 0.01-30-Hz frequency band. Fractal dimensions, entropy values, power spectral densities, and Hjorth parameters from electroencephalography and P300 components from evoked potentials were calculated as features. To decrease the size of the feature set, some features, which yield less detail level for data, were eliminated. The visual and auditory stimuli in selective attention were compared with the divided attention state, and the best accuracy was found to be 88.89% on a support vector machine with linear kernel. As a result, it was seen that divided attention could be more difficult to determine from selective attention, but successful classification could be obtained with appropriate methods. Contrary to literature, the study deals with the infrastructure of attention types by working on a completely healthy and attention-high group.
Evaluation of Electrodermal Activity and Anxiety Behaviors in Diabetic Rats Given Vildagliptin and Metformin
(2022) Shawesh, Muftah; Alshareef, Mohammed; Boyuk, Gulbahar; Yigit, Ayse Arzu; Dolu, Nazan
A heritable profile of six miRNAs in autistic patients and mouse models
(2020) Dolu, Nazan; 0000-0002-3104-7587; 32514154; AAG-4494-2019
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of developmental pathologies that impair social communication and cause repetitive behaviors. The suggested roles of noncoding RNAs in pathology led us to perform a comparative analysis of the microRNAs expressed in the serum of human ASD patients. The analysis of a cohort of 45 children with ASD revealed that six microRNAs (miR-19a-3p, miR-361-5p, miR-3613-3p, miR-150-5p, miR-126-3p, and miR-499a-5p) were expressed at low to very low levels compared to those in healthy controls. A similar but less pronounced decrease was registered in the clinically unaffected parents of the sick children and in their siblings but never in any genetically unrelated control. Results consistent with these observations were obtained in the blood, hypothalamus and sperm of two of the established mouse models of ASD: valproic acid-treated animals and Cc2d1a(+/-) heterozygotes. In both instances, the same characteristic miRNA profile was evidenced in the affected individuals and inherited together with disease symptoms in the progeny of crosses with healthy animals. The consistent association of these genetic regulatory changes with the disease provides a starting point for evaluating the changes in the activity of the target genes and, thus, the underlying mechanism(s). From the applied societal and medical perspectives, once properly confirmed in large cohorts, these observations provide tools for the very early identification of affected children and progenitors.
Investigation of the Effect of Boron on Sweating in Rats by Sympathetic Skin Response
(2022) Boyuk, Gulbahar; Dolu, Nazan; Aksoy, Busra
Prefrontal Brain Activation in Subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
(2018) Dolu, Nazan; Altinkaynak, Miray; Guven, Aysegul; Izzetoglu, Meltem; Demirci, Esra; Ozmen, Sevgi; Pektas, Ferhat; 0000-0002-3104-7587; AAG-4494-2019
According to clinical symptoms, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is categorized into three groups: the predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-I),the predominantly hyperactive-impulsive subtype (ADHD-HI), and the combined subtype (ADHD-C). Recent advances in neuroimaging have demonstrated new approaches for assessing the ADHD subtypes with underlying pathophysiology.This study aims to examine the hemodynamic response and reaction time (RT) in healthy children and the ADHD subtypes as measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during an auditory oddball attention task. The sample was made up of 40 children divided into four groups: control group (n=14), ADHD-I group (n=9), ADHD-HI group (n=6), and ADHD-C group (n=11). The target responses were identified and were grand-averaged for each participant. Right prefrontal cortex hemodynamic responses and groups performances on RT were compared between subtypes and between controls and subtypes. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy indicated that while control subjects exhibited higher activation than all ADHD subtypes, the ADHD subtypes did not differ from one another. Relative to control subjects, a longer RT was observed in all ADHD subtypes. The ADHD-I group showed significantly longer RTs compared to the ADHD-HI and ADHD-C groups.This study can bring a new perspective to the continuing controversy about ADHD subtypes, and the findings may help in the evaluation of fNIRS, RT, and RT variability studies in ADHD.