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Item The effect of intradermal administration of inactive platelet-rich plasma on flap viability in rats(2017) Uysal, Ahmet Cagri; Orhan, Erkan; Baser, Engin; Keskin, Durdane; Demiroglu-Yakut, Cigdem; 0000-0001-6236-0050; 28538802; AAJ-2949-2021Purpose: To evaluate the effect of inactive form of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on the flap viability. Methods: Thirty six rats were used. Rats were divided into six groups then 9x3 cm random pattern skin flaps were elevated from dorsum of all rats. For precluding vascularization from the base, a silicone layer was placed under the flap in groups 2(only flap+silicone), 4(saline+silicone) and 6(PRP+silicone). In groups 1(only flap), 2(only flap+silicone) nothing was done except flap surgery. In groups 3(saline) and 4(saline+silicone), saline was applied intradermally, in groups 5(PRP) and 6(PRP+silicone), inactive form of PRP which obtained from different 16 rats was applied intradermally, into certain points of flaps immediately after surgery. After 7 days flap necrosis ratio was measured in all groups. Results: Mean necrosis rate in group 5(PRP) (16.05%) was statistically significantly lower than group 1(only flap) (31,93%) and group 3(saline) (30,43%) (p < 0.001). Mean necrosis rate in group 6(PRP+silicone) (36.37%) was statistically significantly lower than group 2(only flap+silicone) (47.93%) and group 4(saline+silicone) (45.65%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Intradermal inactive platelet rich plasma administration decreases flap necrosis so for skin application.Item Can Digital Game Play Improve Older Adults' Cognitive Skills?(2021) Secer, IlmiyeCognitive skills are essential for the performance of basic and instrumental daily living activities such as self-care, medication, and finance management. A decline in cognitive abilities with increasing age thus hinders older adults' ability to remain independent in society and negatively influences their quality of life. Therefore, many studies have investigated ways that can maintain and effectively improve such skills. Digital games have become a favored leisure activity by all age groups and are played for entertainment and stress relief. In this context, the ease with which digital games can be played within the home and their entertaining nature have led researchers to examine their effectiveness in enhancing older adults' cognitive skills. Although the findings indicate cognitive advantages, such as improved reaction times, working memory, and task-switching abilities, many questions require further clarification before claiming that digital game play is an effective cognitive training regime. Therefore, the current review aims to examine the cognitive advantages of digital games for older adults and suggests future research directions. The following topics need to be further explored: the existence of far transfer effects, that is, whether such improvements lead to better performance of daily activities, the long-term maintenance of enhanced skills and the underlying responsible mechanisms, the ecological validity of digital games, and digital games' provision of benefits beyond cognitive simulations. Furthermore, the importance to consider placebo effects, which was suggested by Boot, Blakely, and Simons (2011) and Boot, Simons, Stothart, and Stutts (2013), is emphasized.Item Treatments for Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(2022) Karakurt, Guennur; Koc, Esin; Katta, Pranaya; Jones, Nicole; Bolen, Shari D.; 35185725Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an important problem that has significant detrimental effects on the wellbeing of female victims. The chronic physical and psychological effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) are complex, long-lasting, chronic, and require treatments focusing on improving mental health issues, safety, and support. Various psycho-social intervention programs are being implemented to improve survivor wellbeing. However, little is known about the effectiveness of different treatments on IPV survivors' wellbeing. For this purpose, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of interventions on improving outcomes that describe the wellbeing of adult female survivors of IPV. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. We explored the effectiveness of available interventions on multiple outcomes that are critical for the wellbeing of adult female victims of IPV. To provide a broad and comprehensive view of survivors' wellbeing, we considered outcomes including mental health, physical health, diminishing further violence, social support, safety, self-efficacy, and quality of life. We reviewed 2,770 citations. Among these 25 randomized-controlled-study with a total of 4,683 participants met inclusion criteria. Findings of meta-analyses on interventions indicated promising results in improving anxiety [standardized mean difference (SMD) -7.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) -8.39 to -5.92], depression (SMD -0.26, CI -0.56 to -0.05), safety (SMD = 0.43, CI 0.4 to -0.83), violence prevention (SMD = -0.92, CI -1.66 to -0.17), health (SMD = 0.39, CI 0.12 to 0.66), self-esteem (SMD = 1.33, CI -0.73 to 3.39), social support (SMD =0.40, CI 0.20 to 0.61), and stress management (SMD = -8.94, CI -10.48 to -7.40) at the post-test. We found that empowerment plays a vital role, especially when treating depression and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), which are difficult to improve across interventions. We found mixed findings on self-efficacy and quality of life. The effects of IPV are long-lasting and require treatments targeting co-morbid issues including improving safety and mental health issues.Item Validation and Correlates of The Vicarious Embarrassment Scale(2014) Uysal, Ahmet; Akbas, Gulcin; Helvaci, Elif; Metin, Irem; HGT-9462-2022Vicarious embarrassment can be defined as embarrassment resulting from witnessing embarrassing behaviors of strangers. We developed a scale to measure individual differences in the tendency to experience vicarious embarrassment, and examined its association with related constructs. In Study 1, we found that vicarious embarrassment is associated positively with susceptibility to embarrassment, empathy, perspective-taking, and fear of negative evaluation, while it is associated negatively with self-esteem. In Study 2, we found that vicarious embarrassment is uniquely associated with embarrassment in response to a poor performance of a stranger on a TV show, independent of susceptibility to embarrassment, empathy, perspective-taking, and fear of negative evaluation. Although the limited literature on this topic focused on the role of empathy in this type of embarrassment, these findings suggest that there is more to vicarious embarrassment than empathy or perspective-taking. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Genetic diversity is retained in a bottlenecked Cinereous Vulture population in Turkey(2019) Cakmak, Emel; Peksen, Cigdem Akin; Kirazli, Cihangir; Yamac, Elif; Bensch, Staftan; Bilgin, Cemal Can; ABC-7273-2020Vulture populations worldwide have suffered precipitous declines in recent decades. The Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus, a highly philopatric scavenger distributed across southern Europe and the central Asian plateau, is threatened in many parts of its range. Turkey holds the second largest population of this species in the Western Palaearctic, but there has been no research on its genetic structure and the possible implications of this structure for the future of the species. Here we report nuclear diversity and relatedness determined by short tandem repeat genotyping of 81 individuals from the four largest colonies. Our results demonstrated no significant genetic structuring, suggesting a single panmictic metapopulation connected by frequent dispersal. Furthermore, we show that the study population has retained moderate levels of genetic diversity, despite passing through a recent demographic bottleneck. We estimated the effective population size to be 112 individuals (95% confidence interval 74-201). Our results imply that the observed lack of increase in population size since the 1990s has not been caused by lowered fitness due to genetic inbreeding but rather by increased mortality via demographic processes. In the short term, we suggest that conservation efforts should treat the Turkish subpopulations as a single management unit and aim to increase population size through effective protection, especially during the breeding season.Item How Far are E-Scooters Healthy Transport?(2023) Tekes, Burcu; Musselwhite, Charles; 0000-0002-6601-1023; K-2947-2014Item A Global Experiment On Motivating Social Distancing During The COVID-19 Pandemic(2022) Karaarslan, Cemre; 35622891Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one's core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people's existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges.Item Integrating Different Teaching Methods to Teach Magnetic Fields Topic: Using Creative Drama and 7E Learning Model(2022) Sahin, Esin; Yagbasan, RahmiThis study aims to use the 7E learning model integrated with creative drama to determine its effects on the success of physics teacher candidates. Lesson plans were prepared on 'magnetic fields, which combined the 7E learning model with creative drama. These plans were put into practice using 16 physics teacher candidates. A magnetic fields topic achievement test and semi-structured interview forms were used as data collection tools for the research. Based on the magnetic fields topic achievement test findings, the 7E learning model integrated with creative drama increased the success of the physics teacher candidates. In the interviews, it was found that almost all of the incorrect and incomplete information initially given by the students had been replaced by correct information. For these reasons, it can be concluded that the integrated use of creative drama with the 7E learning model increased the general success of the teacher candidates.Item Changing Cultural Practices, Self-Identifications and Gender Roles of Kurdish and Turkish Catering and Retail Business Owners in London(2019) Karan, Olgu; 0000-0002-1581-1987; M-9255-2016This paper focuses on the changing cultural practices, self-identifications, and gender roles of Kurdish and Turkish (KT) communities in London. It explores the research question of how the occupational shift from industrial waged labour to self-employment affects the cultural practices, gender roles and identity construction processes of Kurdish and Turkish business owners in catering and retail sectors in London. Depending on a field study consisting of 40 in-depth interviews, this paper draws the conclusions that identification of shared interests and interest alignment in Britain promote bonds of solidarity, new forms of ethnic attachment, which are not salient in the home country and may be helpful to overcome various problems of the KT communities in London.Item Biochemical And Molecular Analyses Of Insecticide Resistance In Greenhouse Populations Of Bemisia Tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) In Türkiye(Başkent Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, 2024-04-04) Erdogan, Cem; Toprak, Umut; Gurkan, M. OktayThe sweet potato/cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is one of the most destructive vegetable pests in greenhouses in Turkiye. While the preferred method of control primarily relies on insecticides such as neonicotinoids, organophosphates and pyrethroids, their intensive use has caused whiteflies to rapidly become resistant. Samples were collected from 13 Turkish B. tabaci greenhouse populations. Bioassays from the Marmara Region identified as high as a 53-fold increase in resistance to chlorpyrifos-ethyl, a 303-fold increase to imidacloprid and a 282-fold increase to acetamiprid. Bioassays in the Central Anatolia Region reported a 76-fold increase in resistance to deltamethrin and-15-fold increase to thiamethoxam. Most of the populations showed cross-resistance for neonicotinoids. All collected B. tabaci populations were determined to be MEAM 1 (also referred to as biotype B) for diagnostic band E0.14. The E0.14 esterase variant that helps to diagnose biotype B insects was found in all individuals from field populations. Almost all populations showed higher non-specific esterase, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase activity when compared to susceptible SUD-S population. AChE insensitivity assays for individual B. tabaci suggest a target-site modification as a mechanism of resistance to chlorpyrifos-ethyl. This is the first report of AChE variants identified based on their sensitivities to chlorpyrifos ethyl-oxon and pirimicarb in Turkish B. tabaci populations. Fixed ace mutations in the target-site of organophosphates and pyrethroids were identified in six populations. Resistance to organophosphates and neonicotinoids were at least partially related to both ace mutations and insensitive AChE and monooxygenase activities, respectively. The results will help develop effective resistance management programs of B. tabaci in Turkiye.