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Item Prostate Biopsy in the Elderly: Histologic Findings and Treatment Necessity(2014) Akman, Ramazan Yavuz; Koseoglu, Hikmet; Oguzulgen, Ahmet Ibrahim; Sen, Erhan; Yaycioglu, Ozgur; 25374232The aim of this study is to determine results of high prostate specific antigen (PSA) or abnormal digital rectal examination driven prostate biopsies performed in our Department in men aged 75 or more and to show the characteristics of pathology results. The hospital records of the patients who had high PSA or abnormal digital rectal examination driven prostate biopsy in two common university based research hospitals have been reviewed retrospectively. Patients aged 75 years or older at the date of biopsy whose records provided pathology results and full medical history were evaluated for the study. A total of 103 patients were evaluated with a mean age of 79.4 +/- 3.4 years. More than half of the patients (55.1%) were in their seventh decade and the rest were in the eighth decade. Median PSA value was 15.0 (range 2.1-4500) ng/ml. In most of the biopsies (67%), PSA levels were lower than 20 ng/ml. In almost half of the patients (48%), digital rectal examination was abnormal. In 68.9% of the patients, there were at least one or more associated co-morbid diseases. Gleason scores were 7 or higher in 73%, and 8 or higher in 37% of the patients with prostate cancer. Four of the 70 (6%) patients had bone metastases. Castrations were applied to most of the patients with prostate adenocarcinoma (% 79). High percentage of high grade (Gleason 7 or more) prostate adenocarcinoma in the elderly refutes the perception of prostate cancer in this age group as clinically insignificant. Therefore, it is to be kept in mind that prostate cancer in the elderly an be clinically significant and prostate biopsies are to be performed when necessary.Item Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Rare Entity of Prostate Gland in a Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma Patient(2015) Ozgur, Tumay; Rifaioglu, Murat Mehmet; Sumbul, Ahmet Taner; Aydogan, Fusun; Atci, NesrinProstate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and ductal adenocarcinoma is a pathologic subtype with specific histological and clinical features. Seventy-six year-old male patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) admitted to our hospital with lower urinary tract symptoms. The last prostate specific antigen (PSA) level was 26 ng/ml and serial transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies were administered and benign prostate hyperplasia and non-specific prostatitis were the results of pathology reports. Due to the persistence of the symptoms transurethral resection of the prostate was performed. In the pathologic evaluation of the material adenocarcinoma focuses without stroma has been observed between the hyperplasic prostate tissues. The tumor has been diagnosed as ductal adenocarcinoma with 4 + 4 Gleason pattern score. Bone scintigraphy was revealed activity uptake on lomber vertebral column due to metastasis. Computerized tomography was revealed previous bilateral inguinal and right iliac lymphadenopathy due to CLL/SLL. Total androgen deprivation therapy and bilateral orchiectomy was applied. After three mounts according to biochemical and imaging results, radiotherapy cure began. Ductal adenocarcinoma is a rare subtype of prostate carcinoma with clinical behavior from that seen in conventional adenocarcinoma. On the other hand it is worth to point out the occurence of this entity as second malignancy during follow-up of CLL/SLL.Item Monopolar and Bipolar Modalities of Transurethral Prostate Resection(2015) Koseoglu, Hikmet; Akman, Ramazan YavuzBenign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) related lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is among the most common diseases in the aging male. Both medical and surgical treatment modalities have been improved strikingly in the last 20 years. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) is still the gold standard for the surgical treatment for the prostates with the volume of 30-80 ml. Today, besides monopolar classical TUR-P systems which are still widely used, bipolar TUR-P systems are also being used in the increasing numbers. Results of recent meta-analyses did not determine difference between monopolar and bipolar systems in terms of clinical efficacy, in addition, showed bipolar advantages in terms of bleeding and clot retention. Both monopolar and bipolar systems shall better be used until the results of multi-centered prospective studies which compare both modalities with high number of patients together with controlling surgeon factors.Item Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Prostate(2016) Kocer, Nazim Emrah; Bal, Nebil; Gul, Umit; Aydin, HakanInflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) of the prostate are very rare lesions that may mimic sarcomas and spindle carcinomas both clinically and histopathologically. The case presented here is a 63-year-old patient, with normal prostate specific antigen levels and a chronic history of complaints, who underwent to suprapubic prostatectomy due to the infravesical obstruction symptoms that are resistant to medical therapy. Histopathological examination of the excision material revealed a well demarcated spindle cell lesion with focal nuclear polymorphism, hyperchromasia, mononuclear inflammatory infiltration and myxoid areas. Mitosis was rare. Immunohistochemically smooth muscle actin and vimentin were positive, anaplastic lymphoma kinase-1 was focal positive, S-100 and pancytokeratin were negative. The lesion was diagnosed as an inflammatory pseudotumor. Differential diagnosis of the IMT from malignant spindle cell tumors of the prostate is crucial to prevent overtreatment.Item Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: surgical, functional, and quality-of-life outcomes upon extended follow-up(2016) Alkar, Ilter; Ozveri, Hakan; Akin, Yigit; Ipekci, Tumay; Alican, Yusuf; 27256184Objectives: To evaluate the long-term surgical, functional, and quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes after Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed recorded data on patients who underwent HoLEP between June 2002 and February 2005. Ninety-six patients were enrolled. Demographic, perioperative, and postoperative data were recorded. On follow-up, International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSSs), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, QoL scores, peak uroflowmetric data (Q(max) values), and post-voiding residual urine volumes (PVR volumes), were recorded. Complications were scored using the Clavien system. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean follow-up time was 41.8 +/- 34.6 months and the mean patient age 73.2 +/- 8.7 years. The mean prostate volume was 74.6 +/- 34.3mL. Significant improvements in Q(max) values, QoL, and IPSSs and decreases in PSA levels and PVR volumes were noted during follow-up (all p values=0.001). The most common complication was a requirement for re-catheterisation because of urinary retention. Two patients had concomitant bladder tumours that did not invade the muscles. Eight patients (8.3%) required re-operations; three had residual adenoma, three urethral strictures, and two residual prostate tissue in the bladder. Stress incontinence occurred in one patient (1%). All complications were of Clavien Grade 3a. We noted no Clavien 3b, 4, or 5 complications during follow-up. Conclusions: HoLEP improved IPSSs, Q(max) values, PVR volumes, and QoL and was associated with a low complication rate, during extended follow-up. Thus, HoLEP can be a viable option to transurethral resection of the prostate.