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Item Relationship Between Vesicoureteral Reflux and Bladder Compliance(2015) Ipekci, Tumay; Celik, Orcun; Hoscan, Mustafa BurakItem Social Anxiety Level in Adult Patients With Epilepsy and Their First-Degree Cohabiting Relatives(2015) Altintas, Ebru; Yerdelen, V. Deniz; Taskintuna, Nilgun; 0000-0003-2735-4805; 0000-0001-6799-5100; 26185904; G-8832-2015; AAE-7933-2021Epilepsy affects not only the patient but also the patient's cohabiting relatives, to various degrees. This study investigated state and trait anxiety, depression, and social fear and avoidance levels in 48 adult patients with epilepsy and 48 family members, compared with 43 healthy control subjects, using the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. The results suggested that the patients and their first-degree relatives had higher levels of depression, state and trait anxiety, and avoidance compared with healthy subjects. The mothers of patients with epilepsy had the highest level of depression and anxiety.Item Abnormal subcortical activity in congenital mirror movement disorder with RAD51 mutation(2018) Demirayak, Pinar; Onat, Onur Emre; Gevrekci, Aslıhan Ors; Gulsuner, Suleyman; Uysal, Hilmi; Bilgen, Rengin; Doerschner, Katja; Ozcelik, Tayfun; Boyaci, Hueseyin; 30406765PURPOSE Congenital mirror movement disorder (CMMD) is characterized by unintended, nonsuppressible, homologous mirroring activity contralateral to the movement on the intended side of the body. healthy controls, unilateral movements are accompanied with predominantly contralateral cortical activity, whereas in CMMD, in line with the abnormal behavior, bilateral cortical activity is observed for unilateral motor tasks. However, task-related activities in subcortical structures, which are known to play critical roles in motor actions, have not been investigated in CMMD previously. METHODS We investigated the functional activation patterns of the motor components in CMMD patients. By using linkage analysis and exome sequencing, common mutations were revealed in seven affected individuals from the same family. Next, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRl) we investigated cortical and subcortical activity during manual motor actions in two right-handed affected brothers and sex, age, education, and socioeconomically matched healthy individuals. RESULTS Genetic analyses revealed heterozygous RAD51 c.401C>T mutation which cosegregated with the phenotype in two affected members of the family. Consistent with previous literature, our fMRI results on these two affected individuals showed that mirror movements were closely related to abnormal cortical activity in M1 and SMA during unimanual movements. Furthermore, we have found previously unknown abnormal task-related activity in subcortical structures. Specifically, we have found increased and bilateral activity during unimanual movements in thalamus, striatum, and globus pallidus in CMMD patients. CONCLUSION These findings reveal further neural correlates of CMMD, and may guide our understanding of the critical roles of subcortical structures for unimanual movements in healthy individuals.