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Item Food plant with antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory and antimelanoma activity: Prunus mahaleb L(2022) Guven, Zuhal Bayrakceken; Dogan, Zeynep; Saracoglu, Iclal; Picot, Laurent; Nagatsu, Akito; Basaran, A. AhmetPrunus mahaleb L. seeds are used as spice and folk remedies in many countries. The aim of this study was bioactivity guided isolation and characterization phytoconstituents of P. mahaleb which have been studied very limited so far. The antioxidant capacities of seed and kernel (endocarp) extracts were studied by DPPH, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide (SO), TEAC, CUPRAC methods. The antiproliferative activity were investigated for the first time against B16F10, A2058, HeLa and L929 cell lines using MTT assay. Gallic acid and ursolic acid which have strong antioxidant and cell growth inhibitory effect, were isolated from the most active fractions. From the inactive fractions, quercetin-3-O(2-O,6-O-alpha-dirhamnopyranosyl beta-glucopyranoside), kaempferol-3-O(2-O,6-O alpha-dirhamnopyranosyl beta-glucopyranoside) and beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside were isolated. Our study is the first record for the isolation of ursolic acid from all parts of P. mahaleb, gallic acid from P. mahaleb kernels, two flavonol triglycosides from the Prunus species and their analysis by advanced NMR spectroscopic methods. Ursolic acid (IC50 : 170.2 mu M) and gallic acid (IC50 : 10.5 mu M) showed strong tyrosinase inhibition, gallic acid being 5.4 times more effective than standard compound. Kernel extracts have strong antioxidant activity, showed high growth inhibitory activity with dose-dependent manner on melanoma cells but no growth inhibitory on healthy L929 and HeLa cancer cells. The high antioxidant capacity of kernel, its selective growth inhibition of B16F10 and A2058 melanoma cells and its strong tyrosinase inhibitory compounds suggest that it could be a new, non-toxic and inexpensive resource for melanoma treatment and cosmetic industry.Item Isolation and Characterization of Rare Flavone Tetraglycosides from the Seeds of the Bioactive Plant: Peganum harmala L.(2023) Tastekin, Nuriye Hilal; Atakay, Mehmet; Salih, Bekir; Basaran, A. AhmetThe phytochemical investigation of Peganum harmala L. seeds yielded two rare flavone tetraglycosides following isolation, purification, and analyses. The compound determined to be diosmetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) was first isolated from the species while the other compound characterized to be acacetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 -> 6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) was isolated from the genus Peganum for the first time. Their structures were primarily elucidated by one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (H-1, C-13 NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC and HMBC) and supported by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS analyses.Item Unpredictable adverse effects of herbal products(2021) Basaran, Nursen; Pasli, Duygu; Basaran, A. Ahmet; 34896186Herbal products are being increasingly used all over the world for preventive and therapeutic purposes because of the belief of their safety. They have become an important part of health care system in many countries since they can easily be purchased in the health food stores or online. However, the lack of sufficient study on their efficacy and toxicity, inadequate controls of their availability, reduce their safety. Unlike conventional drugs, herbal products are not regulated for purity and potency. Herbal products contain substances which can induce or inhibit enzymes that take part in drug metabolism. Therefore the concurrent use of drugs with some medicinal plants can cause serious adverse effects and can also decrease the efficacy of the therapy. Particularly, drugs with narrow therapeutic index and plants which can affect drug metabolizing enzymes when used together, may lead to unpredictable adverse reactions. Impurities, contaminants and adulterants found in the herbal products, are the most common malpractises in herbal raw-material trade. In this review the unpredictable adverse effects of herbal products due to their possible interactions with drugs and also due to the adulteration and contamination with prohibited chemicals will be discussed in detail.