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search.filters.applied.f.rights: search.filters.rights.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSubject: search.filters.subject.COVID-19 pandemic

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    Healthcare workers' burn-out, hopelessness, fear of COVID-19 and perceived social support levels
    (2022) Karagol, Arda; Kaya, Zulal Torenli; 0000-0003-4865-0451; 0000-0003-1428-0739; 35039704; AAK-7065-2021
    Background and objectives: During the pandemic, all healthcare workers have tried to cope with mental challenges. This study evaluated the healthcare workers' levels of burn-out, hopelessness, fear of COVID-19 and perceived social support, the relation between these factors, and other possible related components. Methods: Four hundred and fifty-one HCW (healthcare workers) all across Turkey were included in the study. Sociodemographic information form, Maslach Burn-out Inventory, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale were given to the participants. This was a cross-sectional study via various online platforms. Results: The participants who were on duty in the COVID-19 clinic, complaining about the low salary or not having enough time for themselves or their own family, had significantly higher scores on three subscales of burn-out scale, and hopelessness scale. Working at governmental hospitals, working at departments containing a high risk of COVID-19 infection, and having a history of COVID-19 infection were found to be significantly associated with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and hopelessness. Feeling control of your profession and getting social support from others were the two factors that tackle burnout in HCW. Family support is the only support that tackles all 3 subscales of burn-out and hopelessness. Conclusion: The findings emphasized that to tackle the burn-out and hopelessness of HCW, it is important for HCW to receive financial compensation for their hard work, to work under improved conditions, and to receive adequate social support. (c) 2022 Asociacion Universitaria de Zaragoza para el Progreso de la Psiquiatria y la Salud Mental. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions Against COVID-19: A Cross-Country Analysis
    (2021) Gokmen, Yunus; Baskici, Cigdem; Ercil, Yavuz; 0000-0003-0712-1481; 33819370
    Prolonging non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) used in the control of pandemics can cause a devastating effect on the overall economic and social welfare levels. Therefore, policymakers are facing a difficult duty in terms of implementing economically and socially sustainable and acceptable measures. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of NPIs implemented to control the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, eight NPI measures were analysed, and their effects on the number of cases were investigated for France, Spain, China, and South Korea. In the study, the treatment effect of these mechanisms on the daily increase rate of the total number of cases during a certain period was analysed by using logarithmic linear regression with a dummy variables model. The findings indicate that the measures are effective against the spread of the pandemic at different levels. The findings also suggest that the most effective measure in decreasing the number of cases is workplace closure. An analysis comparing the effectiveness of countrywide measures and regional measures shows that school closing is the most effective measure to decrease the number of cases when implemented countrywide as opposed to regional implementation.
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    Olfactory disorders in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19: spontaneous recovery in one-month follow up
    (2021) Inan, Serhat; Ozer, Fulya; Erbek, Selim Sermed; Caylakli, Fatma; Odemis, Ilker; Kursun, Ebru; 0000-0003-2638-0163; 0000-0001-5381-6861; 0000-0001-8821-4481; 0000-0002-7333-2896; AFK-3690-2022; AAJ-1407-2021; AAG-2486-2022; ABC-1809-2020; AAP-7195-2020
    Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate olfactory disorders (OD) and recovery processes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection at three time periods within one month from the time of diagnosis. Methods: A total of 96 patients with COVID-19 participated in the study. Self-reported changes in olfactory functions and their effects on quality of life (QoL) were evaluated using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders-Negative Statements (QOD-NS), and Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT)-22. At the time of diagnosis, the patients were divided into three groups: anosmia, hyposmia, and no OD (control) group. Subsequently, olfactory functions were retested at the time of the first negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) control test and one month from the time of diagnosis. Results: During the COVID-19 infection, 68.7% of patients had OD; of these, 37% had anosmia, and 29% had hyposmia. Dysgeusia was found in 44.8% of the patients. OD was the primary symptom in 10.8% of the patients. The QoL scores of those with anosmia and hyposmia were significantly lower than those with no OD in all three surveys (P <.05). The QOD-NS scores of those with OD lasting more than 14 days were significantly lower in all three surveys (P <.05). Of the patients with OD, 4.34% had no spontaneous recovery at the end of the first month. Conclusion: Recovery of OD is faster in patients with hyposmia than in those with anosmia. Although COVID-19related permanent OD is not commonly observed, treatment of OD that lasts for more than 15 days would be beneficial to avoid permanent sequelae.