Başkent Üniversitesi Makaleler

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11727/13096

Browse

Filters

2005 - 20105

Settings

Author: search.filters.author.Alborzi, Abdolvahab

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Determining the Incidence of Aspergillosis After Liver Transplant
    (Başkent Üniversitesi, 2010-09) Badiee, Parisa; Shakiba, Elaheh; Nikeghbalian, Saman; Malekhosseini, Seyed Ali; Alborzi, Abdolvahab
    Objectives: Aspergillus has become an increasingly frequent cause of life-threatening opportunistic infections in liver transplant recipients. This study seeks to determine the incidence of invasive aspergillosis in liver transplant recipients using routine and molecular methods in a teaching hospital in Shiraz, the unique center for liver transplant in Iran. Materials and Methods: Four hundred eight recipients who underwent liver transplant were followed for Aspergillus infections by microscopic examination, culture, and nested polymerase chain reaction. Blood samples were cultured by bedside inoculation to BACTEC medium. Results: The female-to-male ratio was 151:257 (mean age, 29.6 years; mean hospitalization, 26 days). Sensitivity and specificity of the nested polymerase chain reaction was 92.8% and 94%. Aspergillosis was detected in 19 recipients (4.6%) by routine and molecular method (4 proven, 10 probable, and 5 possible) of whom 12 recipients died (63.2%). Conclusions: This study found the incidence rate of invasive aspergillosis as an uncommon complication of liver transplant recipient cases but associated with poor outcomes. The rate is consistent with those reported in previous studies, but molecular assay that is more-sensitive and specific was used in the present study.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Quantification of Human Cytomegalovirus DNA by a New Capture Hybrid Polymerase Chain Reaction Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in Plasma and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients
    (Başkent Üniversitesi, 2008-12) Ziyaeyan, Mazyar; Kadivar, Mohammad; Pourabbas, Bahman; Mahboudi, Fereidoun; Ramzi, Mani; Alborzi, Abdolvahab; Sabahi, Farzaneh
    Objectives: Quantitative monitoring of human cytomegalovirus infections is helpful in determining appropriate antiviral management in patients who receive bone marrow transplants. We sought to design and evaluate a new cytomegalovirus capture hybrid polymerase chain reaction enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA) in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells to monitor cytomegalovirus infection in bone marrow transplant recipients. Patients and Methods: Twenty-six patients who received allogeneic bone marrow transplants, including 17 male patients and 9 female patients (9 adults, 17 children), were enrolled in this study. A total of 313 consecutive whole blood specimens, before and from 7 to 120 days after transplant, was evaluated in the study. A newly designed biotinylated probe-mediated quantitative competitive PCR-ELISA test was used to determine cyto­megalovirus load in specimens of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma. Results: All 26 patients were cytomegalovirus seropositive before transplant. Capture hybrid PCR-ELISA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells detected cytomegalovirus DNA in 287 of 313 specimens (91.7%) even in cases with no active cytomegalovirus infection. in plasma, cyto­megalovirus DNA was detected in 114 of 313 specimens (36.4%). Increasing titers of cyto­megalovirus DNA were detected in 14 of 26 patients (53.8%). Conclusions: The quantitative capture hybrid PCR-ELISA was able to diagnose and monitor cytomegalovirus infection in patients who received bone marrow transplants. Detection of cyto­megalovirus DNA in plasma was more predictive of the onset of cytomegalovirus-related clinical symptoms, compared to detection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Invasive Fungal Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients Demonstrated by Panfungal Polymerase Chain Reaction
    (Başkent Üniversitesi, 2007-06) Badiee, Parisa; Kordbacheh, Parivash; Alborzi, Abdolvahab; Malekhoseini, Seyed Ali
    Objectives: Invasive fungal infections following renal transplant are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. This study reports our experience using molecular assay to diagnose invasive fungal infections in renal graft recipients. Patients and Methods: One hundred twenty patients who had undergone renal transplant at the Organ Transplant Unit of Nemazi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, between September 2004 and January 2006 were followed up for fungal infections for 6 months following transplant. Blood samples were cultured by bedside inoculation to BACTEC fungal medium. Whole blood specimens were collected prospectively once per week and were evaluated for any invasive fungal infections using panfungal polymerase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The female-to-male ratio was 44.2% to 55.8%, the mean age of the recipients was 34.7 years, and the mean length of hospitalization was 10.92 days. Results: The sensitivity and specificity for proven and probable infections were 80% and 95.6%, respectively. Using panfungal polymerase chain reaction– enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 4 recipients were diagnosed as having invasive fungal infections. The etiologic agents were C. albicans in 3 patients, and C. albicans and A. fumigatus in 1 patient. The mean interval of polymerase chain reaction–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay positivity in blood samples before clinical signs was 27 days (range, 7-60 days). Conclusions: Polymerase chain reaction–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay may improve early diagnosis of invasive fungal infections; however, correlating the results of polymerase chain reaction–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with clinical outcomes in renal transplant recipients will require further evaluation.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Diagnosis and Monitoring of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients by Quantitative Competitive PCR
    (Başkent Üniversitesi, 2006-06) Ziyaeyan, Mazyar; Sabahi, Farzaneh; Alborzi, Abdolvahab; Mahboudi, Fereidoun; Kazemnejad, Anooshirvan; Ramzi, Mani; Moravej, Ali; Jaberi, Marjan Mojtahed
    Objectives: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common cause of infection worldwide. Severe cytomegalovirus disease is usually observed in immunodeficient individuals such as bone marrow transplant (BMT) or AIDS patients. In these patients, proof of viral presence is not enough for making clinical decisions; one must report the quantity of virus or viral load in appropriate clinical specimens to demonstrate the relationship between disease severity and HCMV infection. The goal of this study was to use quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine HCMV viral load in 26 BMT recipients. Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood was collected weekly for 100 days from 26 BMT recipients. Qualitative and quantitative competitive PCRs on 105 mononuclear cells were performed for each patient. The same tests were performed once for each of 26 donors. In addition, the anti-HCMV humoral response was detected by performing IgM and IgG ELISAs in donors and recipients prior to transplantation. Results: Of 26 BMT donors and recipients, 25 and 26 were IgG positive, and 2 and 6 had HCMV-specific IgM antibodies, respectively. From 313 total clinical specimens tested, 255 had positive qualitative PCR results. Results of quantitative PCR on the same specimens demonstrated that in 14 patients, viral copy number per 105 cells had increased, pointing toward HCMV reactivation. In others, changes in viral copy number were mostly around 100/105 cells, with an upper limit of 300/105 cells. Conclusions: Owing to the high prevalence of cytomegalovirus in our country, the chance of viral reactivation and HCMV infection/disease upon transplantation must be seriously considered. Therefore, use of quantitative PCR in PCR-positive patients is highly recommended to demonstrate active infection that may lead to HCMV disease during the posttransplant period. This also could help physicians begin pre-emptive therapy that would be for a shorter treatment period and provide for better outcomes in infected BMT patients.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Fungal Infections in Solid Organ Recipients
    (Başkent Üniversitesi, 2005-12) Badiee, Parisa; Kordbacheh, Parivash; Alborzi, Abdolvahab; Zeini, Farideh; Mirhendy, Hossein; Mahmoody, Mahmood
    Background: Fungal infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after organ transplantation. The incidence of these infections has increased considerably over the last decade. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of fungal infections, to identify the most common fungal pathogens, and to determine the associated risk factors in solid organ recipients. Methods: One hundred twenty renal and 50 liver recipients were transplanted at the organ transplant unit of Nemazi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran, from September 2004 to August 2005 and were followed for fungal infections for at least 6 months. On admission to the hospital, all patients were evaluated for fungal colonization by mouth, vagina, urine, and rectal swabs cultured in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. Samples of sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, urine, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), pleural tap, and tissue biopsy were evaluated by direct microscopic examination and were cultured for any clinical signs of fungal infections. Results: Fifty-four kidney recipients (45%) had Candida colonization in different sites of their bodies. Fungal infections presented in 13 of 120 recipients (10.8%). Five recipients had invasive fungal infections (3 had fungal pneumonitis and 2 had severe esophagitis), and 8 patients had cutaneous and mucocutaneous infections. All of the recipients with invasive fungal infections were colonized with Candida, and 2 of them died. Forty-two (84%) liver recipients had Candida colonization in different sites of their bodies. Fungal infections presented in 6 liver recipients. In 4 patients, invasive fungal infections occurred (2 fungal pneumonitis, 1 meningitis, and 1 severe esophagitis), 2 patients showed mucocutaneous infections. Three recipients with invasive fungal infections had Candida colonization. The mean time to diagnosis was 70 days after transplantation. The most common etiologic agent for fungal infections was Candida albicans. Conclusions: Renal and liver recipients with Candida colonization are at high risk for fungal infections and therefore, control of fungal colonization in liver and renal transplant candidates would reduce the risk of invasive fungal infections after transplantation.