Wos İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/11727/4807
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Item Response to first-line chemotherapy regimen is associated with efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapies in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma(2021) Sumbul, Ahmet Taner; 34762201Background Atezolizumab (ATZ) has demonstrated antitumor activity in previous studies in patients with metastatic platinum-resistant urothelial carcinoma. However, the response rate of ATZ was modest. Therefore, finding biologic or clinical biomarkers that could help to select patients who respond to the immune checkpoint blockade remains important. Patients and methods In this study, we present the retrospective analysis of 105 patients with urothelial cancer treated with ATZ after progression on first-line chemotherapy. Data of patients were obtained from patient files and hospital records. The association between response to first-line chemotherapy and ATZ was using Fisher's exact test. Median follow-up was calculated using the reverse Kaplan-Meier method. OS was estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results The median follow-up time was 23.5 months. Forty (74.1%) of patients who experienced clinical benefit after firs-line chemotherapy also had clinical benefit after atezolizumab, while only 14 (25.9%) of patients with initial PD after first-line chemotherapy subsequently experienced clinical benefit with ATZ (p = 0.001). The median OS on ATZ of 14.8 and 3.4 months for patients with clinical benefit and progressive disease in response to first-line chemotherapy, respectively (p = 0.001). Three of the adverse prognostic factors according to the Bellmunt criteria were independent factors of short survival: liver metastases {Hazard ratio [HR] = 1.9; p = 0.04}, ECOG PS >= 1 (HR = 2.7; p = 0.001), and Hemoglobin level below 10 mg/dl (HR = 2.8; p < 0.001). In addition, patients with clinical benefit from first-line chemotherapy (HR = 0.39; p < 0.001) maintained a significant association with OS in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that clinical benefit from first-line chemotherapy was independent prognostic factors on OS in patients' use of ATZ as second-line treatment in metastatic bladder cancer. Furthermore, these findings are important for stratification factors for future immunotherapy study design in patients with bladder cancer who have progressed after first-line chemotherapy.Item Experimental Bladder Cancer Models for Animals(2015) Kosan, Murat; Mungan, AydinTransitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract and TCC models are being developed over the past decades. Experimental models are needed so that more effective treatments can be developed in preclinical evaluation. Even if, in vitro models are useful for initial development and evaluation of therapeutic agents and modalities, adequate animal models are still essential in the preclinical development of new effective and safe therapies. A great variety of ex vivo and in vivo models has been described in the literature. Chemical carcinogens are most commonly used to induce bladder cancer. Cell culture techniques are also widely used to study different oncological processes. To test potential new drugs in a preclinical setting, a clinically relevant orthotopic bladder tumor model is highly desirable. The aim of this review article was the assessment of different animal models available for the study of bladder carcinogenesis.Item Diagnosis and treatment in primary bladder small cell carcinoma: Literature review(2016) Celik, Orcun; Ekin, Gokhan; Ipekci, Tumay; Budak, Salih; Ilbey, Yusuf Ozlem; 27072176Small cell bladder carcinoma is a rare and frequently fatal disease. It can be distinguished from classical urothelial carcinoma microscopically and immunohistochemically. Small cell bladder carcinoma has histologically similar properties with other small cell carcinomas in other organs. It has a worse prognosis when compared to urothelial bladder cancer. Multimodal treatments are recommended although there is no widely accepted consensus regarding to the treatment algorithm because of its rarity. In this review, clinical properties and diagnosis of small cell bladder carcinoma, its histopathological and immunohistochemical properties and treatment modalities are examined.Item Complete resection in old age bladder cancers filling bladder cavity(2018) Dirim, AyhanRadical cystectomy is often the treatment of choice in widespread bladder tumors that may not be possible to be resected. However, it is extremely important to perform a complete resection prior to surgery, to perform healthy staging, to remove complaints related to the tumor, and to offer alternative treatment options for patients who do not accept surgery or who are at risk for surgery. In this study, the results of complete resection of two old age patients with bladder cancer tumors filling all the bladder cavity were reported.