Browsing by Author "Kal, Ali"

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The Comparison of Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Contact Lens Solutions
(2017) Kal, Ali; Toker, Mustafa Ilker; Kaya, Serpil; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-5790; 27738866; AAJ-4936-2021
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of widely used multipurpose contact lens solutions against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in addition to cystic and trophozoite forms of Acanthamoeba castellanii and A. polyphaga, that cause microbial keratitis. Three multipurpose solutions were tested: SOLO-care, ReNu, and Opti-Free Express. The test solutions were challenged with P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and S. aureus (ATCC 2913) based on the ISO stand-alone and regiment test procedure for disinfecting products, A. polyphaga (ATCC 30871) and A. castellanii (1501/1A) cystic and trophozoite forms. Multipurpose solutions were sampled for surviving microorganisms at manufacturer's minimum recommended disinfection time. The number of viable organisms was determined, and log reductions were calculated. ReNu and SOLO-care resulted in a reduction greater than the required mean 3.0 logarithmic reduction against S. aureus, and SOLO-care and Opti-Free Express resulted in a reduction more than the required mean 3.0 logarithmic reduction against P. aeruginosa. Against the cystic and trophozoite forms of A. castellanii, the log reduction provided by SOLO-care was 1.01 and 1.31 log, respectively. ReNu provided a 0.83 log reduction of the cystic form and a 1.21 log reduction of the trophozoite form. Using Opti-Free Express, the log reduction for both forms was 1.31. SOLO-care led to a 0.61 log reduction of the cystic form of A. polyphaga and a 1.01 log reduction of the trophozoite form. ReNu provided a 0.41 log reduction of the cystic form and a 4.99 log reduction of the trophozoite form. Opti-free Express resulted in a 0.89 log reduction of the cystic form and a 3.11 log reduction of the trophozoite form. Multipurpose contact lens solutions using similar regimens can show different disinfection abilities.
Comparison of The Effects of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatments on Pigment Epithelial Detachment in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
(2021) Ulusoy, Mahmut Oguz; Kal, Ali; Yilmaz, Gursel; 0000-0001-7544-5790; 0000-0002-2589-7294; 33481151; AAJ-4936-2021; AAK-6987-2021
Purpose The aim of this study is to compare structural and visual outcomes of naive neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients with significant pigment epithelial detachment (PED), treated with ranibizumab and aflibercept. Methods This was a retrospective case series that included 33 naive patients treated with ranibizumab and 25 with aflibercept. The patients were followed with pro re nata (PRN) after first three intravitreal injections. LogMAR visual acuity, PED height and radius on spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings were compared. Results Baseline mean PED height was 270.39 +/- 114.14 mu m and 315.24 +/- 115.8 mu m (p = 0.14); baseline mean PED radius was 2063.64 +/- 942.75 mu m and 1958.88 +/- 452.22 mu m (p = 0.61); and baseline BCVA was 1.16 +/- 0.73 and 1.09 +/- 0.69 (p = 0.73), for ranibizumab, and aflibercept group, respectively. In aflibercept group, there was statistically significant decrease in PED height at first, third and 12th months. In PED radius, decrease was greater in aflibercept group, however not significant. In addition, in aflibercept group visual acuity was better at all three months; however, none of them were significant. Conclusion Although the maximum improvement was seen at third month, final visual acuity and parameters of PED were better in aflibercept group. The efficacy of the both drug to choroidal neovascularization was known; however, in cases with significant PED, aflibercept can be consider for the first-level treatment.
Effect of Fingolimod (FTY720) on Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
(2017) Kal, Ali; Ulusoy, Mahmut Oguz; Horasanli, Bahriye; Cezairlioglu, Sefik; Kal, Oznur; 0000-0002-7751-4961; 0000-0001-7544-5790; 0000-0003-3142-1011; 28619430; AAJ-7586-2021; AAJ-4936-2021
Objective: Using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), to compare the choroidal thickness in a healthy population (group 1), with newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (group 2), with MS patients who underwent beta-interferon monotherapy (group 3) and MS patients who underwent fingolimod therapy for 1 year (group 4) Methods: Twenty-five control subjects (25 eyes), 24 newly diagnosed (24 eyes) MS patients, 22 MS patients who underwent fingolimod monotherapy for 1 year (22 eyes), and 24 MS patients who underwent beta-interferon monotherapy for 1 year (24 eyes) were included in this study. The control group consisted of age- and gender matched healthy individuals. The choroidal thickness measurements were performed using a high-speed and high-resolution SD-OCT device. The choroidal thickness measurements were compared using a One Way Anova and Post-Hoc Tukey test. Results: Ninety-five eyes of 95 participants were included in this study. The mean age of the control group was 27.83 +/- 4.60, and it was 26.83 +/- 6.79, 27.87 +/- 6. 46 and 27.58 +/- 6.65 in the newly diagnosed MS group, fingolimod group and beta-interferon group, respectively. In fingolimod group N-1000, N-1500 and T-1500 was significantly lower than control group. (p = 0.026, p = 0.06 p = 0.13) Conclusion: Choroidal thickness values at N-1000, N-1500 and T-1500 levels in fingolimod group were found lower than in control but higher than in newly diagnosed MS group. This result can be explained with the therapeutic effect of the fingolimod on MS.
Evaluation of choroidal and retinal thickness measurements in adult hemodialysis patients using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography
(2016) Kal, Ali; Kal, Oznur; Eroglu, Fatma Corak; Omer, Ozlem; Kucukdonmez, Cem; Yilmaz, Gursel; 0000-0002-2589-7294; 0000-0003-3003-0756; 27626146; AAK-6987-2021; D-5308-2015
Purpose: To assess the effect of hemodialysis on retinal and choroidal thicknesses using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: In this prospective interventional study, 25 hemodialysis patients (17 male, 8 female) were enrolled. All participants underwent high-speed, high-resolution SD-OCT (lambda=840 mm; 26.000 A-scans/s; 5 mu m resolution) before and after hemodialysis. Choroidal thickness was measured perpendicularly from the outer edge of the retinal pigment epithelium to the choroid-sclera boundary at the fovea and at five additional points: 500 mu m and 1000 mu m nasal to the fovea and 500 mu m, 1000 mu m, and 1500 mu m temporal to the fovea. Two masked physicians performed the measurements. Choroidal and retinal thicknesses before and after hemodialysis were compared. Results: The median choroidal thicknesses before and after hemodialysis were 182 mu m (range, 103-374 mu m) and 161 mu m (range, 90-353 mu m), respectively (P<0.001). The median retinal thicknesses were 246 mu m (range, 179-296 mu m) before and 248 mu m (range, 141-299 mu m) after hemodialysis (P>0.05). Systolic arterial pressure, diastolic arterial pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and ocular perfusion pressure significantly decreased after hemodialysis (P<0.001). Intraocular pressure did not vary significantly (P=0.540). Conclusion: Hemodialysis seems to cause a significant decrease in choroidal thickness, whereas it has no effect on retinal thickness. This significant decrease in choroidal thickness might be due to the extensive fluid absorption in hemodialysis, which could result in decreased ocular blood flow.
Evaluation of Dry Eye Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis
(2018) Kal, Oznur; Ulusoy, Mahmut Oguz; Kal, Ali; Tanriaski, Gulsah; Cezairlioglu, Sefik; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-4961; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-5790; 29205873; AAJ-7586-2021; AAJ-4936-2021
The aim of the present study was to evaluate dry eye parameters with conventional tests and tear meniscus with Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Thirty-eight ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis, and 40 healthy individuals were enrolled. An ocular surface disease index questionnaire (OSDI) was administered. Before conventional dry eye tests, tear meniscus were evaluated using AS-OCT. After a complete ocular examination, Schirmer and break-up time (BUT) tests were performed and probable corneal staining was investigated. Schirmer test and BUT values were significantly lower in ESRD patients (P<0.05). OSDI scores and corneal staining scores were significantly higher in ESRD patients (P<0.05). Tear meniscus height, tear meniscus depth, and tear meniscus area, which were obtained by AS-OCT were significantly lower in patients with ESRD (P<0.05). Tear meniscus evaluation using AS-OCT is an effective and non-invasive method to assess tear meniscus in patients with ESRD. Patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis should obtain regular ophthalmic examination, especially for dry eye.
Evaluation of Iridocorneal Angle, Choroidal Thickness, and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Children With a History of Retinopathy of Prematurity
(2020) Ulusoy, Mahmut Oguz; Kivanc, Sertac Argun; Kal, Ali; 31790064
Purpose: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is proliferative retinopathy affecting premature infants associated with abnormal maturation of the retinal vasculature. We sought to evaluate iridocorneal angle, choroidal thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) of the children that have a history of ROP using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Patients and Methods: Fifty eyes of 28 children with a history of ROP and 46 eyes of 23 healthy school-aged children were included in this study. RNFLT, choroidal thickness, and iridocorneal angle parameters [trabecular iris angle, angle opening distance (AOD500), and trabecular iris space area (TISA500) 500 mu m from the scleral spur] were evaluated using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. Student t test was used to compare the mean of the parameters. Correlations between the variables were investigated based on the Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: Subfoveal (ROP: 253.98 +/- 42.5; control: 286.2 +/- 71.9; P=0.045), 500 mu m (ROP: 242.04 +/- 41.8; control: 276.7 +/- 45.3; P=0.003), 1000 mu m (ROP: 237 +/- 39.7; control: 270.15 +/- 55.93; P=0.007), and 1500 mu m (ROP: 224.16 +/- 37.5; control: 259.75 +/- 55.2; P=0.003) temporal choroidal thicknesses were significantly thinner in ROP history children. None of the RNFLT parameters and ganglion cell complex thickness were different between groups. Iridocorneal angle parameters were significantly lower in children with ROP history. (trabecular iris angle: ROP=31.35 +/- 3.9 degrees, control=35.4 +/- 4.5 degrees, P<0.001; TISA500: ROP=0.167 +/- 0.05 mm(2), control=0.21 +/- 0.05 mm(2), P=0.003; AOD500: ROP=480.96 +/- 160.4 mu m, control=542.95 +/- 161.2 mu m, P=0.035). Conclusions: ROP is associated with differences in the iridocorneal angle. Possible iridocorneal angle pathology should be a consideration in children with a history of ROP.
Evaluation of Retrobulbar Blood Flow and Choroidal Thickness in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
(2018) Kal, Ali; Duman, Enes; Sezenoz, Almila Sariguel; Ulusoy, Mahmut Oguz; Kal, Oznur; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-5790; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7030-5454; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-4961; 28730400; AAJ-4936-2021; AAJ-4860-2021; AAJ-7586-2021
PurposeTo evaluate whether retrobulbar blood flow and choroidal thickness (CT) are affected in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the relationship between these values.MethodsWe evaluated 40 eyes of 20 RA patients and 40 eyes of 20 healthy controls. The enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography, color Doppler imaging, was held. Statistical analysis was performed.ResultsPeak systolic velocity (PSV) of ophthalmic (OA) and central retinal artery (CRA) were significantly higher in RA. No significant difference was observed when end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of OA and CRA was compared between the groups. The resistivity index (RI) of OA and CRA was higher in RA. Perifoveal/subfoveal CT was lower in RA. Negative correlation was detected between the RI of OA and the perifoveal CT, and a positive correlation was detected between RI of CRA and CT.ConclusionsOcular hemodynamics is effected by RA and can exaggerate ocular complications of various vascular diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, retinal vascular occlusions.
Evaluation of the tear parameters of ovulation induction patients in a short time period with anterior segment optical coherence tomography
(2020) Colak, Eser; Ulusoy, Mahmut Oguz; Ceran, Mehmet Ufuk; Tasdemir, Umit; Kal, Ali; Ozcimen, Emel Ebru; 33470279
Purpose: The effects of sex steroid hormones on tearparameters are known. Theaim of this studywas to examine the effects on tear parameters during exposure to high-dose sex steroids in a short period of time. Methods: Forty patients who were admitted to the infertility clinic of our hospital and planned to undergo ovulation induction with exogenous gonadotropins were included in our study. Prior tothe initiation of ovulation induction, the basal levels of estradiol were measured on day 3 of the menstrual cycle and ophthalmologic examinations were performed by the ophthalmology department of our hospital. The estradiol levels were-measured on the day ofovulation induction usinghuman chorionic gonadotropin and compared with basal estradiol; eye examinations were also repeated. Result: Forty women with reproductive period and average age of 33.3 +/- 4.2 years were included in this study. Basal levels of estradiol were significantly (p<0.001) higher after ovulation induction than before induction. The scores in the break-up timeand after induction were 6.2 +/- 2.8 sn and 8.4 +/- 1.4 sn, respectively. The values of Schirmer's test were 14.3 +/- 7.1 mm and 20.6 +/- 6.2 mm before and after induction, respectively. Both values were significantly higher after ovulation induction (p<0.001; p=0.001, respectively). Conclusion: We observed improvemet in tear function tests following the use of estradiol even for a limited time .The use of estradiol during menopause may improve dry eye symptoms in patients.
Prophylactic Ozone Administration Reduces Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in The Rat
(2016) Kal, Oznur; Akillioglu, Ishak; Kal, Ali; Celik, Esin; Yilmaz, Mustafa; Onal, Merih; Onal, Ozkan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-4961; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-5790; AAJ-7586-2021; AAJ-4936-2021
Background: The objective of this study was to examine the role of ozone oxidative preconditioning after renal IR (ischemia reperfusion) injury. Methods: Twenty-eight Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: sham operated (S), IR, ozone (O), and O+IR. The S group was administered physiological saline (PS) intraperitoneally (i.p.) for seven days. The IR group was subjected to renal ischemia for 1 h by occlusion of the left renal artery and vein, followed by reperfusion for 2 h. The O group was administered ozone i.p. for seven days. In the O+IR group, ozone was administered i.p. for seven days before the IR procedure. IR injury (as in the IR group) was induced on the eight day. Laboratory analyses of renal tissue samples for superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were performed. Results: The total oxidant score (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the blood samples were also analyzed. The degree of renal injury was highest in the IR group. In the O+IR group, renal injury was decreased. The antioxidant parameters were increased in the O group. The oxidant parameters were highest in the IR group. Conclusion: Ozone preconditioning ameliorated renal IR injury, with a significant decrease observed in the renal IR injury score.
The Protective Effect of Prophylactic Ozone Administration Against Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
(2017) Kal, Ali; Kal, Oznur; Akillioglu, Ishak; Celik, Esin; Yilmaz, Mustafa; Gonul, Saban; Solmaz, Merve; Onal, Ozkan; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-5790; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-4961; 27028056; AAJ-4936-2021; AAJ-7586-2021
Introduction: Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with many ocular diseases. Retinal IR injury leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), loss of retinal function and ultimately vision loss. The aim of this study was to show the protective effects of prophylactic ozone administration against retinal IR injury.Materials and methods: A sham group (S) (n=7) was administered physiological saline (PS) intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 d. An ischemia reperfusion (IR) group (n=7) was subjected to retinal ischemia followed by reperfusion for 2h. An ozone group (O) (n=7) was administered 1mg/kg of ozone i.p. for 7 d. In the ozone+IR (O+IR) group (n=7), 1mg/kg of ozone was administered i.p. for 7 d before the IR procedure and at 8 d, the IR injury was created (as in IR group). The rats were anesthetized after second hour of reperfusion and their intracardiac blood was drawn completely and they were sacrificed. Blood samples were sent to a laboratory for analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant score (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The degree of retinal injury was evaluated according to changes in retinal cells and necrotic and apoptotic cells using the TUNEL method. Data were evaluated statistically with the Kruskal-Wallis test.Results: The number of RGCs and the inner retinal thickness were significantly decreased after ischemia, and treatment with ozone significantly inhibited retinal ischemic injury. In the IR group, the degree of retinal injury was found to be the highest. In the O+IR group, retinal injury was found to be decreased in comparison to the IR group. In the ozone group without retinal IR injury, the retinal injury score was the lowest. The differences in the antioxidant parameters SOD, GSH-Px and TAC were increased in the ozone group and the lowest in the IR group. The oxidant parameters MDA and TOS were found to be the highest in the IR group and decreased in the ozone group.Discussion: IR injury is also positively correlated with the degree of early apoptosis. This study demonstrated that ozone can attenuate subsequent ischemic damage in the rat retina through triggering the increase of the antioxidant capacity.
Retinal detachment in albinism
(2018) Kal, Ali; Mansour, Ahmad M; Chhablani, Jay; Arevalo, J. Fernando; Wu, Lihteh; Sharma, Ravi; Sinawat, Suthasinee; Sujirakul, Tharikarn; Assi, Alexandre; Velez-Vazquez, Wandsy M.; Mansour, Mohamad A.; Kayikcioglu, Ozcan; Kucukerdonmez, Cem; 0000-0001-7544-5790; 29670325; AAJ-4936-2021
Purpose: To report the visual and anatomic outcomes of albino retinal detachment (ARD) repair. Methods: Collaborative retrospective analysis of ARD. Outcome measures were number of surgical interventions, final retinal reattachment, and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at last follow-up. Results: Seventeen eyes of 16 patients (12 males; mean age =37.8 years) had the following complications at presentation: macula off (14), total (7) or inferior detachment (5), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (5), detectable break (16), lattice (5), horseshoe tears (9), and giant tear or dialysis (4). Mean number of interventions was 1.8 (range = 1-5) and included cryopexy (15) with scleral buckle (11), and/or vitrectomy (8). Mean initial BCVA was counting finger (CF) 1 m and at last follow-up (mean 77 months) CF4m with mean improvement of 4.5 lines (early treatment diabetic retinopathy study) (P=0.05). Intraoperative choroidal hemorrhage occurred in three eyes. The retina was finally attached in 14 eyes, with residual inferior detachment in three eyes with silicone oil in situ. Silicone oil was kept in six of seven eyes because of residual inferior detachment (3) and removal of silicone oil, which led to redetachment (1) or fear of redetachment (2). Conclusion: Repair of ARD may require several interventions, with the need to keep silicone oil in several cases due to nystagmus and reduced melanin pigment.
Retinal vascular density evaluation of migraine patients with and without aura and association with white matter hyperintensities
(2019) Ulusoy, Mahmut Oguz; Horosanli, Bahriye; Kal, Ali; 30762208
Underlying pathophysiological mechanism of migraine is not all clear; however, recent reports suggested that neurovascular system is involved. We aimed to evaluate the retinal vessel densities of migraine patients with and without aura and the associations with white matter hyperintensities (WMH), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). We recruited 28 migraine with aura (MWA) patients, 26 migraine without aura (MWO) and age and sex-matched 34 healthy controls in our study. All participants were evaluated with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCTA for optic nerve parameters and retinal vessel densities with RTVue XR AVANTI. On macular OCTA, superficial and deeper retinal foveal vessel density (VD) were significantly lesser in MWA and MWO than controls. On optic nerve OCTA, whole optic disc, peripapillary, superior hemisphere, superior layer and temporal layer VD were significantly lesser in MWA and MWO. In group of MWA with the WMH, deeper foveal VD and superior hemisphere VD, average RNFL, superior hemisphere and superior layer were significantly lesser and also foveal avascular zone was significantly larger than the group of without WMH. Alterations of VD in patients with migraine are showed in our study. In addition, in group of MWA these alterations have associations with WMH. Supporting these findings with further reports can be useful to understand the pathophysiology of this disease.
Spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings of patients with ankylosing spondylitis
(2020) Kal, Ali; Ulusoy, Mahmut Oguz; Orturk, Caner; 0000-0001-7544-5790; 32533454; AAJ-4936-2021
Purpose The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible effects of (ankylosing spondylitis) AS on choroidal thickness (CT) and other retinal layers using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods This cross-sectional study group comprised 41 AS patients and age and sex-matched 46 control subjects. None of our patients had active anterior uveitis during the measurements. We evaluated and compared CT, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, focal loss volume (FLV) and global loss volume (GLV) of the participants. Results The CT of the patients at 1500 mu m (286.20 mu m +/- 65.81), 1000 mu m (309.55 mu m +/- 85.33) nasally to the fovea and subfoveal layer (339.93 mu m +/- 69.93) were thicker than in controls (p = 0.007,p = 0.037,p = 0.008). Except nasal layer, all RNFL layers were significantly thinner than controls (p < 0.001). GCC and macular thickness were also thinner than controls (p < 0.001). Conclusion In conclusion, present findings may suggest that the AS disease may affect the choroidal, RNFL and GCC thickness by disease's own inflammatory effect, independently from the uveitis history.
Unusual Presentation of an Intraocular Foreign Body Retained for Sixty Years
(2014) Gokmen, Onur; Yesilirmak, Nilufer; Kal, Ali; Eroglu, Fatma C.; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6058-4226; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8632-2873; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-5790; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-0756; 24332359; AAB-1096-2021; AAD-7299-2020; AAJ-4936-2021; D-5308-2015
Intraocular foreign bodies may remain quiescent for many years particularly if they are not metallic. We report a case of a missed intraocular stone foreign body that had remained asymptomatic underneath the iris for 60 years and appeared during cataract surgery. (C) 2013 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.