Browsing by Author "Cointault, Olivier"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Effects of Intraoperative versus Postoperative Administration of Rabbit Antithymocyte Antibodies on 1-Year Renal Function in Renal Transplant Patie
(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2006-06) Kamar, Nassim; Esposito, Laure; Ribes, David; Tkaczuk, Jean; Cointault, Olivier; Lavayssiere, Laurence; Abbal, Michel; Durand, Dominique; Rostaing, Lionel
Objectives: The aim of our study was to prospectively assess 1-year allograft outcomes and the evolution of lymphocyte subsets in a group of renal transplant patients who had received intraoperative rabbit antithymocyte antibodies (RATG). Materials and Methods: We compared 1-year allograft transplant outcomes in renal transplant recipients who had received intraoperative RATG (group 1, n = 53) with the outcomes observed in patients in a historical control group who had received postoperative RATG (group 2, n = 49). RATG were given at the same dosage (1 mg/kg) during the first 3 days, and then the dosage was adapted according to CD2 count, until calcineurin inhibitors were started. Results: The overall dosage of RATG administered was significantly lower in group 1. At day 4, CD2, CD3, and CD19 T-cell subset counts were significantly higher in patients in group 1. From 3 months after transplantation, CD4/CD8 ratios were significantly lower in patients in group 1 because of a rapid regeneration of CD8 T cells. One-year total lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in patients in group 1. There were fewer severe infectious complications in patients in group 1. One-year renal function was better in patients in group 2. Donor age was the only independent factor associated with renal function at both 1 month and 1 year after transplantation. Conclusions: When RATG are infused intraoperatively, a lower total amount of RATG is required to prevent acute rejection as compared with postoperative RATG infusion. Consequently, fewer serious lymphopenia-associated complications are observed during the first year after transplantation
Impact of Mycophenolic Acid Dose Modifications on Renal Function After Kidney Transplantation
(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2006-12) Kamar, Nassim; Oufroukhi, Loubna; Sallusto, Federico; Cointault, Olivier; Lavayssière, Laurence; Mouzin, Marc; Guitard, Joelle; Durand, Dominique; Rostaing, Lionel
Objective: Mycophenolic acid dose modifications after renal transplantation seem to adversely affect renal allograft outcome. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the effect of mycophenolic acid dose modifications on renal function 1 year after transplantation and to determine the factors predictive of those dose modifications within the first year after renal transplantation. Patients and Methods: All 130 patients at our institution who were treated de novo between January 2002 and April 2003 with either a mycophenolate mofetil-based or an enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium-based therapy and who had a functioning renal allograft 1 month after transplantation were included in this study. Results: Fifty-seven patients (43.8%) underwent a dose modification during the first year after transplantation. One, 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation, renal function was significantly improved in the patients who did not receive a dose modification. A mycophenolic acid dose that 1 year after transplantation was less than the initial dose received just after transplantation was an independent factor associated with deteriorating renal function. Sirolimus immunosuppression, Cytomegalovirus infection, and pretransplant lymphocyte counts were independent factors associated with mycophenolic acid dose modifications within the first year after kidney transplantation. Conclusions: Modification of the mycophenolic acid dose may adversely affect renal function 1 year after transplantation.
Long-term Results of Conversion From Calcineurin Inhibitors to Sirolimus in 150 Maintenance Kidney Transplant Patients
(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2012-04) Garrouste, Cyril; Lavayssière, Laurence; Rostaing, Lionel; Ribes, David; Cointault, Olivier; Nogier, Marie-Béatrice; Esposito, Laure; Guitard, Joëlle; Guilbeau-Frugier, Céline; Kamar, Nassim
Objectives: This retrospective single-center study evaluated long-term renal function after conversion from calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus-based immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients. Materials and Methods: From 2001 to 2009, one hundred fifty kidney transplant recipients were converted from calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus at least 3 months after transplant. Results: After a mean follow-up of 171 weeks, 56.7% of converted patients remained on sirolimus. The 5-year survival rate of the patients (including intent-to-treat) and grafts was 85.5% and 83.6%. Patients on sirolimus showed significant improvement in renal function with a creatinine clearance of 50.9 ± 20.7 and 52.9 ± 20.8 mL/minute at month 0 and month 24. Independent predictive factors associated with a stable estimated glomerular filtration rate at the last follow-up of sirolimus patients were (1) having a living donor, (2) absence of anti-HLA alloantibodies at month 0, and (3) cyclosporine versus tacrolimus used before conversion. Adverse effects were reported in 134 patients (89.3%). They included (1) hospitalization for infection (n=52), (2) de novo proteinuria (n=40), and (3) eight patients with biopsy-proven acute rejection. Sirolimus was stopped and replaced by calcineurin inhibitors in 37 patients after a mean of 16 months treatment. After stopping sirolimus, renal-allograft function remained stable at 2 years. Conclusions: Conversion of calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus in kidney transplant recipients was associated with improved renal function. The reintroduction of calcineurin inhibitors was safe in patients who were withdrawn from sirolimus owing to adverse effects.
Renal Function and Histology in Kidney Transplant Patients Receiving Tacrolimus and Sirolimus or Mycophenolate Mofetil
(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2006-12) Kamar, Nassim; Van, Tuan Tran; Ribes, David; Modesto, Anne; Cointault, Olivier; Lavayssière, Laurence; Ader, Jean Louis; Durand, Dominique; Rostaing, Lionel
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of tacrolimus in combination with either sirolimus (n = 10) or mycophenolate mofetil (n = 7) on renal function and renal histopathologic factors 6 and 12 months after kidney transplantation. Materials and Methods: Renal function was assessed by the glomerular filtration rate (as measured by the inulin clearance rate) and by determining renal functional reserve. A renal allograft biopsy was performed at the time of transplantation and 6 and 12 months later. Results: Serum creatinine levels tended to be higher in the sirolimus group 12 months after transplantation. In contrast, inulin clearance and renal functional reserve were similar in both groups 6 and 12 months after transplantation. With respect to histopathologic findings, only mononuclear-cell interstitial inflammation was significantly higher in the sirolimus group than in the mycophenolate mofetil group 12 months after transplantation. However, the progression of tubular atrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and vascular fibrous intimal thickening within the first postoperative year was significantly greater in the sirolimus group. Conclusions: In the long term, the addition of sirolimus to treatment with tacrolimus in de novo renal transplant patients might more adversely affect renal allograft survival than might the addition of mycophenolate mofetil to tacrolimus therapy.
Systematic Kidney Biopsies After Acute Allograft Pyelonephritis
(Başkent Üniversitesi, 2013-06) Cartery, Claire; Kamar, Nassim; Rostaing, Lionel; Game, Xavier; Cointault, Olivier; Cardeau-Desangles, Isabelle; Guitard, Joelle; Sallusto, Federico; Esposito, Laure; Guilbeau-Frugier, Céline
Objectives: Scarce data exist regarding the effect of acute graft pyelonephritis on kidney histology after a kidney transplant. This study sought to assess the kidney histology at 1 month, and kidney function at 1 year, after acute graft pyelonephritis in kidney transplant patients. Materials and Methods: All kidney transplant patients with acute graft pyelonephritis between October 2006, and December 2008, underwent a kidney biopsy 1 month later (n=28). Histologic findings were compared with those observed in a control group (n=28) who underwent a protocol kidney biopsy at 1 year posttransplant and did not present with acute graft pyelonephritis. Patients were matched according to age, sex, and immunosuppressive regimen. Results: Kidney function was impaired by the acute graft pyelonephritis episodes at the time of biopsy. In 40% of patients, the estimated glomerular filtration rate did not return to baseline by 1 month after acute graft pyelonephritis and remained impaired thereafter. Three patients had features of acute rejection. Tubulitis was seen more frequently in the acute graft pyelonephritis group, especially in patients in whom estimated glomerular filtration rate did not completely recover by 1 month after acute graft pyelonephritis. Patients with acute graft pyelonephritis who had inflammatory infiltrate of > 20% 1 month after acute graft pyelonephritis had worse kidney function 1 year later.