Browsing by Author "Bali, Cagla"

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Anaesthesia Management for Edward's Syndrome (Trisomy 18)
(2016) Bali, Cagla; Ozmete, Ozlem; Ergeneoglu, Pinar; Akin, Sule; Aribogan, Anis; 27366581; AAI-8790-2021; AAI-7779-2021; J-5282-2013; AAJ-2094-2021; S-8336-2019
Anesthesia Management and Sugammadex Experience in A Neonate For Galen Vein Aneurysm
(2016) Ozmete, Ozlem; Bali, Cagla; Ergenoglu, Pinar; Andic, Cagatay; Aribogan, Anis; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5845-699X; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-1918; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6366-941X; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8581-8685; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-5693; 27185673; AAI-7779-2021; AAI-8790-2021; GON-8465-2022; AAM-3180-2021; S-8336-2019
Anesthesia management for laparoscopic bariatric surgery: retrospective analysis of 62 patients
(2017) Ozmete, Ozlem; Bali, Cagla; Ergenoglu, Pinar; Akin, Sule; Aribogan, Anis; AAJ-2094-2021; AAI-7779-2021; AAI-8790-2021; J-5282-2013; S-8336-2019
Purpose: The aim of this study was to present our experience in patients who underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery and to discuss the current literature on the perioperative management Material and Methods: Sixty two patients with ASA risk classification II-III were evaluated retrospectively who underwent obesity surgery in our hospital. Demographic characteristics of the patients, surgical time, complications that seen in the perioperative period and the length of hospital stay were recorded Results: The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 59 years and 75.9% of them were female. Mean operation time was 167 minutes and the length of hospital stay was 5 days. Complications seen during intraoperative period were tachycardia, hypertension and arrhythmia. In the following days, 6 (9.7%) patients were re-operated and there was no mortality Conclusion: The prevention of complications that may occur in laparoscopic obesity surgery is required with a equipped team and teamwork, a good preoperative preparation, thromboembolism prophylaxis, tight hemodynamics and blood gas monitoring for safe anesthesia
Anesthesia Management of A Patient with Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome
(2015) Bali, Cagla; Ozmete, Ozlem; Ergenoglu, Pinar; Akin, Sule; 0000-0002-6366-941X; 0000-0001-6423-1076; 0000-0001-5845-699X; 0000-0003-2615-1918; 26153335; AAJ-2094-2021; AAI-8790-2021; GON-8465-2022; S-8336-2019; J-5282-2013; AAI-7779-2021
Bifid Epiglottis In Anesthesia Practice
(2022) Bali, Cagla
Clinical Impact of Sarcopenia on Gastric Cancer and the Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Sarcopenia
(2022) Parsak, Cem Kaan; Gumus, Serdar; Gul, Mehmet Onur; Altiok, Merih; Unal, Ayse Gizem; Yalav, Orcun; Bali, Cagla
Background: Sarcopenia may adversely affect treatment responses and oncological outcomes in cancer patients. However, the importance of pretreatment nutritional assessment as an indicator of treatment response and outcome in patients with gastric cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains unclear. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the clinical impact of sarcopenia on gastric cancer and to determine the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) on sarcopenia, as well as body mass index (BMI), psoas muscle index (PMI), and prognostic nutrition index (PNI). Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who were operated on after the NC therapy between January 2016 and December 2019. Weight, BMI-, PMI-, and PNI-dependent variables were compared before and after the NC treatment. Sarcopenia was defined according to PMI at the level of the third lumbar vertebra based on computed tomography. Results: Forty-five patients (64.4% women) with a mean age of 56.9 +/- 11.2 years were included in the study. After the NC treatment, the mean BMI of the cohort decreased from 26.1 +/- 4.3 kg/m(2) to 25.1 +/- 4.2 kg/m(2), the mean PMI decreased from 5.69 +/- 1.39 cm(2)/m(2) to 5.16 +/- 1.50 cm(2)/m(2), and the mean PNI decreased from 46.6 +/- 6.5 to 40.0 +/- 7.0 (All, P<0.001). The NC treatment increased the frequency of sarcopenia from 48.9% to 64.5% (P<0.001). According to the Clavien-Dindo (CD) scoring, grade >3 CD complications were more common in the sarcopenic group (27.2%), compared to the non-sarcopenic group (8.7%) (P=0.049). The one-year and three-years overall survival rates were lower in the sarcopenic group (91.7% and 38.2%, respectively), compared to the non-sarcopenic group (93.8% and 45.8%, respectively). However, it was not statistically significant (P=0.509). Conclusion: Sarcopenia is associated with severe postoperative complications in gastric cancer. In addition, the NC treatment reduces PMI, BMI, as well as PNI, and increases sarcopenia frequency. Therefore, patients should be examined in terms of sarcopenia at the time of diagnosis.
Comparison of the Early Term Complications and Patency Rates of the Standard (Parachute) and Diamond-Shaped End-To-Side Anastomosis Techniques in Arteriovenous Fistulas Created for Hemodialysis
(2018) Yabanoglu, Hakan; Kus, Murat; Arer, Ilker Murat; Bali, Cagla; Avci, Tevfik; Akdur, Aydincan; Caliskan, Kenan; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-3369; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6529-7579; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-1918; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5225-959X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8726-3369; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8767-5021; 30060787; AAJ-7865-2021; AAJ-7870-2021; AAI-8790-2021; AAF-1698-2021; AAA-3068-2021; AAJ-7201-2021
Objective: To compare the early-term patency and complication rates of the end-to-side anastomosis techniques parachute and diamond-shaped techniques in arteriovenous fistulas. Study Design: Prospective randomised study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of General Surgery, Adana Baskent University Application and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey, between October 2014 and January 2015. Methodology: Patients with end stage renal disease who underwent arteriovenous fistula creation for hemodialysis were grouped into two according to the anastomosis technique performed. Group 1 was composed of the patients undergoing the standard parachute technique and Group 2 consisted of the patients operated with the diamond-shaped anastomosis technique. The two groups were compared with each other with respect to clinical and demographic data, operative and postoperative variables, and complication and patency rates. Results: A total of 56 patients underwent arteriovenous fistula creation. The overall complication rate was 12.5%. The early-term patency rate was higher in the diamond-shaped anastomosis technique than the standard parachute end-to-side anastomosis technique. Effective dialysis was established after 4 weeks in 48 (85.7%) patients in the overall study group, 23 (82.1%) in Group 1, and 25 (89.2%) in Group 2. However, there was no significant difference between both the techniques with respect to effectiveness of dialysis. Conclusion: Both end-to-side anastomosis techniques have their own advantages and disadvantages. Using a patient-specific suitable technique rather than a standard technique would be more appropriate in arteriovenous fistulas formation.
Congenital insensitivity to pain: How should anesthesia be managed?
(2017) Ozmete, Ozlem; Sener, Mesut; Bali, Cagla; Caliskan, Esra; Aribogan, Anis; 0000-0003-2615-1918; 0000-0001-6497-0610; 0000-0002-4419-5693; 0000-0001-5845-699X; 29168371; AAI-7779-2021; AAI-8790-2021; S-8336-2019; AAI-7866-2021
Congenital insensitivity to pain syndrome is a rare, sensorial and autonomic neuropathy characterized by unexplained fever, insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis. Patients may require anesthesia even for minor surgical procedures due to mental retardation and trauma arising from self-mutilating behavior. A child diagnosed with congenital insensitivity to pain syndrome was scheduled for gastric endoscopy under sedation due to suspected ingestion of a household cleaning disinfectant. Deep sedation was achieved, and spontaneous respiration was maintained. We did not encounter any complications. There is limited data regarding the safe anesthesia management in these patients because of the rarity of the disease. Therefore, we think that more clinical experience, case reports and studies are needed to establish the appropriate anesthesia management.
Effect of low dose dexmedetomidine premedication on propofol consumption in geriatric end stage renal disease patients
(2015) Ergeneoglu, Pinar; Akin, Sule; Bali, Cagla; Eker, Hatice Evren; Cok, Oya Yalcin; Aribogan, Anis; 26323728
Background and objective: Sedation in dialysis dependent end-stage renal disease patients requires caution as a result of performing high doses of sedatives and its complications. Multidrug sedation regimens might be superior and advantage on lesser drug consumption and by the way adverse events which occur easily in end-stage renal disease patients. We evaluated the effects of dexmedetomidine premedication on propofol consumption, sedation levels with Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scores and the bispectral index and the hemodynamic changes, potential side effects in geriatric patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent hip fracture surgery under spinal anesthesia. Method: In this randomized, controlled, double-blind study 60 elderly patients (age >= 65 years) with end-stage renal disease and hip fracture scheduled for anterograde femoral intramedullary nailing were assigned to groups that received either intravenous saline infusion (Group C) or dexmedetomidine 0.5 mu g/kg/10 min infusion for premedication (Group D). All the patients received propofol infusion after the induction of the spinal anesthesia. Results: Total propofol consumption, propofol dose required for targeted sedation levels according to Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation scores and bispectral index levels, recovery times were significantly lower in Group D (p< 0.001). The time to reach to Observer's Assessment of Alertness and Sedation score 4 and to achieve bispectral index <= 80 was significantly lower in Group C compared with Group D (p< 0.001). Adverse events were similar in both groups. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine premedication lowers intraoperative propofol consumption to maintain targeted level of sedation. Therefore low dose dexmedetomidine premedication in addition to propofol infusion might be an alternative in geriatric patients with end-stage renal disease for sedation. (c) 2015 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.
"Factors Associated with Mediastinal Lymph Node Positivity in Proximal Gastric Tumor Patients Undergoing Curative Surgery"
(2023) Parsak, Cem Kaan; Topal, Ugur; Altiok, Merih; Capkinoglu, Emir; Bali, Cagla; Yalav, Orcun; Rencuzogullari, Ahmet; Sakman, Gurhan
Background: Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Objectives: This study investigated the risk factors associated with mediastinal lymph node metastases due to proximal gastric cancer. Methods: The study included patients with curative surgical resection and transcural lymphadenectomy for proximal gastric tumors between January 2012 and January 2020. The patients (n=88) were divided into Group 1 (n=54, negative) and Group 2 (n=34, positive) according to the positivity of mediastinal lymph nodes. The diagnostic value of composite immunonutritional and inflammatory indices in predicting lymph node positivity was examined. Results: It was found that only C-reactive protein (CRP) (P=0.044), the rate of postoperative respiratory complications (P=0.002), tumor size (P=0.0001), the total number of lymph nodes, and the number of metastatic lymph nodes were higher in Group 2. Moreover, pT stage (P=0.008) and pN stage (P<0.001) were more advanced in Group 2. Among the composite indices, only the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) had a diagnostic value, with a sensitivity of 67.65% and a specificity of 55.56% at a cut-off point of > 2.19. According to the multivariate analysis, a tumor size of > 3 cm, a CRP value of > 7, and tumor localization were independent risk factors. Conclusion: Our study found that mediastinal lymph node positivity was associated with elevated CRP and that these patients had more advanced tumors and poor histopathological characteristics. Mediastinal lymph node positivity was also associated with increased postoperative respiratory complications. We established the diagnostic value of the NLR in predicting lymph node positivity. It is helpful to establish the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and mediastinal lymph node positivity in proximal gastric tumors since it can be useful in determining the surgical strategy for esophagogastric junction tumors.
The Impact of Multimodal Analgesia Timing on Postoperative Pain in Cesarean Delivery. A Prospective Randomized Study
(2023) Ozmete, Ozlem; Sener, Mesut; Bali, Cagla; Caligan, Esla; Durdag, Gulsen Dorgan; Aribogan, Anis; 38131366
AIM: The issue of preemptive or preventive use of paracetamol still raises questions in terms of multimodal analgesia in cesarean delivery. A combination of paracetamol and opioid is commonly used for pain management after cesarean delivery. This study aims to compare postoperative pain level and analgesic consumption when using paracetamol at two different perioperative times in cesarean section. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty patients recruited for elective cesarean section under general anesthesia were included in this prospective study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive iv 1 g paracetamol 15 minutes before incision (Group PE) or after delivery of newborn (Group PV). Visual analog scale (VAS) values, 24-hour morphine consumption, additional analgesic requirement, side effects, and patient and surgeons' satisfaction were recorded. RESULTS: Demographic data and hemodynamic values of the patients were similar in both groups. There was no differences between groups in terms of VAS scores at rest and during movement, additional analgesic requirement during the postoperative 1st hour, and 24-hour total morphine consumption. There was no difference in side effects, and patient and surgeon satisfaction scores postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Preemptive and preventive use of paracetamol provides the same quality of analgesia and opioid sparing effect without increasing the frequency of adverse effects.
Inappropriate Use of Anticoagulant Drugs in Older Adults
(2014) Bali, Cagla; Ergenoglu, Pinar; Akin, Sule; Aribogan, Anis; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-1918; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6366-941X; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-1076; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-5693; 24802992; AAI-8790-2021; GON-8465-2022; AAJ-2094-2021; S-8336-2019
A Patient with Churg-Strauss Syndrome Complicated with Pulmonary Hemoptysis
(2016) Bali, Cagla; Ozmete, Ozlem; Ergenoglu, Pinar; Gedikoglu, Murat; Aribogan, Anis; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-1918; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5845-699X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6366-941X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9884-3190; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-5693; 27041254; AAI-8790-2021; AAI-7779-2021; GON-8465-2022; S-8336-2019
Pneumorrhachis and Pneumocephalus with Severe Chest Pain Symptom: A Rare Complication of Epidural Steroid Injection
(2014) Ergenoglu, Pinar; Bali, Cagla; Akin, Sule; Ozyilkan, Nesrin B.; Aribogan, Anis
Postoperative Analgesic Efficacy of Fascia Iliaca Block Versus Periarticular Injection for Total Knee Arthroplasty
(2016) Bali, Cagla; Ozmete, Ozlem; Eker, H. Evren; Hersekli, Murat A.; Aribogan, Anis; 0000-0002-7901-0185; 0000-0003-2615-1918; 0000-0001-5845-699X; 0000-0002-4419-5693; 27871565; AAW-9940-2021; AAI-8769-2021; AAI-8790-2021; AAI-7779-2021; S-8336-2019
Study objective: This study evaluated the postoperative analgesic efficacies of fascia iliaca block and periarticular drug injection techniques after TKA (total knee arthroplasty) surgeries. Design: Prospective, randomized clinical trial. Setting: University Teaching and Research Center. Patients: Seventy-one American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-III patients between 48 and 70 years of age who underwent total knee arthroplasty were randomized. Interventions: Tenoxicam (20 mg) was administered intramuscularly to both groups of patients 30 minutes before surgery. Patients were randomized into two groups to receive fascia iliaca block before the induction of anesthesia (Group FI) or periarticular drug injection during the surgery (Group PI). All surgeries were performed under general anesthesia using standard techniques. Postoperative analgesia was provided with patient-controlled intravenous morphine. Measurements: Total morphine consumption was the primary outcome measure and was recorded postoperatively at 1, 2, 6,12 and 24 hours. Pain levels at rest and on movement (knee flexion) were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and recorded at the same time points. Patients' demographics, rescue analgesic demands, side effects, hemodynamics, and satisfaction scores were also recorded. Main results: The groups had similar VAS scores both at rest and on movement (P > .05). However, the amount of cumulative morphine and use at each follow-up period was higher in Group PI (P < .0001). The groups did not differ significantly in rescue analgesic use or side effects, such as nausea/vomiting, hemodynamic variables, and patient satisfaction scores (P > .05). Conclusions: Fascia iliaca block may be used as an alternative method to periarticular injection, and it effectively reduces the amount of morphine used to relieve post-TKA pain. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Preoperative Paracetamol Improves Post-Cesarean Delivery Pain Management: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
(2016) Ozmete, Ozlem; Bali, Cagla; Cok, Oya Yalcin; Ergenoglu, Pinar; Ozyilkan, Nesrin Bozdogan; Akin, Sule; Kalayci, Hakan; Aribogan, Anis; 0000-0003-3004-2626; 0000-0002-4973-8132; 0000-0002-6366-941X; 0000-0001-5845-699X; 0000-0001-6423-1076; 0000-0003-2615-1918; 0000-0002-4419-5693; 27555133; AAI-8790-2021; S-8336-2019; AAI-7998-2021; J-5282-2013; AAI-7779-2021; AAJ-2094-2021; AAI-7880-2021; GON-8465-2022
Study Objective: To evaluate the analgesic effect of preoperative single dose intravenous paracetamol on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption within 24 hours after elective cesarean surgery. Design: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Setting: University Teaching Hospital. Patients: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I and II 60 patients between 18-40 years of age who were scheduled to undergo elective cesarean section. Interventions: Patients were randomized into two groups to receive either intravenous 1 g paracetamol (100 mL) (Group P) or 0.9% NaCl solution (100 mL) (Group C) 15 minutes before the induction of general anesthesia. After delivery of newborn 0.15 mg kg(-1) morphine was administered to all patients in both groups. Postoperative analgesia was provided with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with morphine in the postoperative period. Measurements: Pain which is the primary outcome measure was assessed at 15th, 30th minutes and 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 12th, 24th hours by the Visual Analogue Scale. Patients' demographics, hemodynamics, Apgar score, additional analgesic requirement, side effects, patients' satisfaction and postoperative total morphine consumption within 24 hours were recorded. Main Results: Median visual analogue scale for pain in Group P was significantly lower compared to Group C at all time points except for the score at 24th h postoperatively (P <.05). Additional analgesic requirement during postoperative first hour was lower in Group P (P <.05). Total morphine consumption was higher in Group C compared with Group P (P <.05). There was no difference between groups with respect to Apgar scores, side effects, and patient satisfaction (P >.05). Conclusions: Preoperative use of single-dose intravenous 1 g paracetamol was found to be effective in reducing the severity of pain and opioid requirements within 24 hours after cesarean section. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Protective Effect of Curcumin on Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli-Induced Lung Injury in Rats
(2016) Bali, Cagla; Altintas, Nejat; Ozmete, Ozlem; Gelincik, Ibrahim; Yabanoglu, Hakan; Tekin, Neslihan; Altinsoy, Bulent; Turan, Bunyamin Cuneyt; Aribogan, Anis; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-3369; AAI-8790-2021; AAI-7779-2021; AAJ-7865-2021; S-8336-2019
Curcumin has remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of curcumin on a rat model of carbapenemresistant Escherichia coli-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Thirty-two rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups to induce an ALI: negative control group (rats not infected with E coli with no antibiotic treatment), positive control group (rats infected with E coli with no antibiotic treatment), imipenem group (rats infected with E coli that received intraperitoneal injection of imipenem), and the imipenem+curcumin group (rats infected with E coli that received intraperitoneal injection of imipenem and were fed on curcumin). The rats were killed, and lung tissues samples were harvested for biochemical analyses and histopathologic examination. Total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and interleukin-6 (IL6) were measured. TOS increased in the positive control group (P < 0.001) and decreased in the imipenem and imipenem+curcumin groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). TAS decreased in the positive control group (P = 0.005). Imipenem treatment did not increase TAS, but the imipenem+curcumin group increased TAS (P = 0.014). TNF alpha and IL6 increased in the positive control group compared with the negative control group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.010, respectively). Imipenem decreased TNF alpha (P < 0.001), but did not decrease IL6 (P = 0.418). Imipenem+curcumin decreased TNF alpha (P < 0.001); this decrease was more pronounced compared with the imipenem group (P = 0.008). IL6 decreased in the curcumin group compared with the positive control group (P = 0.011). Curcumin combined with imipenem can be an alternative therapeutic agent to overcome the resistance of E coli strains.
Resuscitation Experience in A Patient with Left Ventricular Assist Device
(2016) Ozmete, Ozlem; Bali, Cagla; Ergenoglu, Pinar; Suner, Halil Ibrahim; Aribogan, Anis; 0000-0002-6366-941X; 0000-0002-5957-8611; 0000-0003-2615-1918; 0000-0002-4419-5693; 0000-0001-5845-699X; 27687385; AAI-7779-2021; S-8336-2019; GON-8465-2022; J-5282-2013; AAI-8790-2021; AAJ-5381-2021
A Short View of Chronic Graft-Vs-Host Disease
(2016) Bali, Cagla; Ozmete, Ozlem; Ozyilkan, Nesrin Bozdogan; Akin, Sule; Aribogan, Anis; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-1918; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5845-699X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4973-8132; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6423-1076; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4419-5693; 27041253; AAI-8790-2021; AAI-7779-2021; AAI-7880-2021; AAJ-2094-2021; S-8336-2019
Sugammadex Given for Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Blockade in Infants: A Retrospective Study
(2016) Ozmete, Ozlem; Bali, Cagla; Cok, Oya Yalcin; Turk, Hatice Evren Eker; Ozyilkan, Nesrin Bozdogan; Civi, Soner; Aribogan, Anis; 0000-0002-1055-5152; 0000-0003-3004-2626; 0000-0002-7901-0185; 0000-0002-4973-8132; 0000-0003-2615-1918; 0000-0002-4419-5693; 0000-0001-5845-699X; 27871583; AAI-7779-2021; U-2400-2018; AAI-7998-2021; AAI-8790-2021; AAI-8769-2021; S-8336-2019; AAI-7880-2021
Study Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sugammadex in reversing profound neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium in infant patients. Design: Retrospective observational study. Setting: University teaching hospital. Patients: Twenty-six infants (2-12 months of age; 3-11 kg) with an American Society of Anesthesiologists classification I, II, or III who were scheduled to undergo neurosurgical procedures were included in the study. Interventions: Anesthesia was induced with 5 mg/kg thiopental, 1 mu g/kg fentanyl and 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium. Sevoflurane was administered to all patients after intubation. Methods: The neuromuscular block was monitored with acceleromyography using train-of-four (TOF) stimuli. Patients received additional doses of rocuronium to maintain a deep block during surgery. If profound neuromuscular block (TOF, 0) persisted at the end of the surgery, 3 mg/kg sugammadex was administered. Measurements: The demographic data, surgeries, and anesthetic agents were recorded. The time from sugammadex administration to recovery of neuromuscular function (TOF ratio, >0.9) and complications during and after extubation were also recorded. Main results: Twenty-six infants who had a deep neuromuscular block (TOF, 0) at the end of surgery received 3 mg/kg sugammadex. The mean recovery time of the T4/T1 ratio of 0.9 was 112 seconds. No clinical evidence of recurarization or residual curarization was observed. Conclusions: The efficacy and safety of sugammadex were confirmed in infant surgical patients for reversal of deep neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.