Browsing by Author "Ahmed, Kamruddin"

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Emergence of rotavirus G9 in 2012, as the dominant genotype in Turkish children with diarrhea, in a university hospital in Ankara
(2019) Kocak, Aylin Altay; Aydin, Merve; Matsumoto, Takashi; Yahiro, Takaaki; Dalgic, Buket; Bozdayi, Gulendam; Ahmed, Kamruddin
Introduction: Rotavirus infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children with diarrhea throughout the world. Material and Methods: In this study, we aimed to determine the detection rate of rotavirus infection in 181 children less than 5 years of age presenting with acute gastroenteritis and admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Ankara, Turkey, from April to November 2012. We documented the epidemiological data by elucidating the prevalent genotypes. Stool specimens were collected, and rotavirus antigen in the samples was detected using ELISA. G and P genotypes were determined by RT-PCR via type specific primers. The nucleotide sequence of the concerned genes was determined by Sanger sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was performed by neighbor-joining method. Results: Of the 181 samples, 28 (15.5%) were positive for the rotavirus antigen. Twenty-seven samples were positive for G genotypes and 21 were positive for P genotypes. Genotypes G1 (7.1%), G2 (7.1%), G3 (7.1%), G4 (3.6%), G9 (71.5%) and P4 (3.6%), P8 (71.4%) were identified. Genotype G9P[8] (50%) was predominant in the combination of G and P genotypes. Most of the G9 strains of this study formed an independent cluster in Lineage III, except two strains which clustered with an Ethiopian G9 strain of 2012. Conclusions: It seems that during 2012 season, genotype G9P[8] increased significantly in Ankara due to a new circulating strain of G9.
Investigation of Group A Rotavirus G10, G12 Genotypes Emerging in Patients with Acute Gastroenteritis in a Tertiary Care Hospital
(2021) Kahraman, Hande; Kocak, Aylin Altay; Albakkour, Katren; Muftah, Hager; Dalgic, Buket; Caglar, Kayhan; Ahmed, Kamruddin; Bozdayi, Gulendam; 34666655
Rotaviruses are the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis with the highest mortality and morbidity rates in children aged 0-5 years. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of rotavirus infection in patients whose stool samples were sent to microbiology laboratory to investigate the etiology of diarrhea, to investigate the rotavirus genotypes that are common in our region and G10, G12 genotypes that have recently become common in the world. Fecal samples of 476 patients aged between 0-92 years who applied between November 2016 and February 2018 were studied via immunochromatographic rapid test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. ELISA positive samples were studied by nested reverse transcriptase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and genotyped by agarose gel electrophoresis. Rotavirus was found positive in 18.3% and 17% of stool samples by immunochromatographic test and ELISA, respectively. All ELISA positive samples were also detected as positive by RT-PCR. 18.5% of female patients and 15.7% of male patients were found to be positive and rotavirus positivity was not statistically significant between genders. The frequency of rotavirus in different age groups was 23.5% (6-12 years), 17.3% (13-24 months) and 16% (25-36 months). It was determined that rotavirus cases were most common in the spring. G1, G2, G3, G4, G9, G10, and G12 were detected in 37%, 7.4%, 16.1%, 6.2%, 9.9%, 2.5%, 26% of the samples, respectively. G12 was the most common genotype after G1. The most common G and P genotype combination was G1P[8] (17.2%). This was followed by G12P[8] (11.11%) and G3P[8] (11.11%). P[8] (53%) was found to be the dominant P genotype. In this study, it was observed that rotavirus, which is the cause of childhood diarrhea, can also be encountered in advanced ages and even new genotypes that infect humans worldwide may also be the causative agents. Therefore, we concluded that it is important to investigate new genotypes such as G10 and G12 in molecular epidemiological studies.
Multi-assay investigation of viral etiology in pediatric central nervous system infections
(2020) Altay-Kocak, Aylin; Bozdayi, Gulendam; Michel, Janine; Polat, Meltem; Kanik-Yuksek, Saliha; Tezer, Hasan; Ozkul, Aykut; Ahmed, Kamruddin; Nitsche, Andreas; Ergunay, Koray; 32683347
Introduction: In an attempt to identify a wide spectrum of viral infections, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens were collected from pediatric cases with the preliminary diagnosis of viral encephalitis/meningoencephalitis in two reference hospitals, from October 2011 to December 2015. Methodology: A combination of nucleic acid-based assays, including in house generic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for enteroviruses, flaviviruses and phleboviruses, a commercial real-time PCR assay for herpesviruses and a commercial real time multiplex PCR, enabling detection of frequently-observed viral, bacterial and fungal agents were employed for screening. Results: The microbial agent could be characterized in 10 (10%) of the 100 specimens. Viral etiology could be demonstrated in 7 (70%) specimens, which comprises Human Herpesvirus 6 (4/7), Herpes Simplex virus type1 (2/7) and Enteroviruses (1/7). In 3 specimens (30%), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus were detected via the multiplex PCR, which were also isolated in bacteriological media. All specimens with detectable viral nucleic acids, as well as unreactive specimens via nucleic acid testing remained negative in bacteriological cultures. Conclusions: Herpes and enteroviruses were identified as the primary causative agents of central nervous system infections in children. Enterovirus testing must be included in the diagnostic work-up of relevant cases.