Browsing by Author "Abdi, Abdikarim"

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Ceftobiprole Mono-Therapy Versus Combination Or Non-Combination Regimen Of Standard Antibiotics For The Treatment Of Complicated Infections: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
(Başkent Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, 2024-06-10) Jame, Wissal; Basgut, Bilgen; Abdi, Abdikarim
Objective: Various bacteria produce complicated infections that are difficult to treat worldwide. Ceftobiprole is effective against resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: This review assessed effectiveness and safety of ceftobiprole monotherapy for severe infections. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing clinical cure, microbiological cure, and safety of ceftobiprole alone to a combination or non-combination antibiotic regimen was conducted. Until December 20, 2022, we searched a major databases. Results: This study includes 4168 patients from six trials. Ceftobiprole and comparator-received patients had similar clinical responses for all patient population. Also, the eradication rate of all organisms and specific pathogenic bacteria in microbiologically examined patients was comparable between the groups. Ceftobiprole induced more gastrointestinal side events than comparable drugs, mostly nausea [OR 1.91 (1.26-2.90), p = < 0.01]. While skin-related adverse events were significantly associated with comparator antibiotics [6 trials, 4062 patients; OR 0.77 (0.60-0.99), p=0.03]. Conclusion: Ceftobiprole monotherapy is effective and safe for severe infections caused by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria.
Drug-related problems and health-related quality of life among chronic disease patients in a rural region of North Cyprus
(2022) Goksin, Servet; Abdi, Abdikarim; Alsaloumi, Louai; Basgut, Bilgen
Purpose: To evaluate the various types of drug-related problems (DRPs) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among chronic disease patients in a rural region of North Cyprus.Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients visiting a rural community pharmacy in North Cyprus was conducted. Patient demographic information, quality of life (QoL), laboratory data, adherence, and beliefs about medicine were assessed using standardized tools. Drug-related problems were evaluated using PCNE V.9.1.Results: Among the 200 screened participants, 97 fulfilled the enrollment criteria and were interviewed. The median age of the participants was 62 years (interquartile range = 15), with 58.8 % women. Only 54 % of hypertensive (HTN) patients reached their target blood pressure level. Over 40 % of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients failed to achieve their target HbA1c level. The majority (71 %) of patients with HTN, T2DM or coronary artery disease were not compliant with lifestyle recommendations and 86.6 % had >= 1 DRP. Insufficient dosing and inappropriate indication for a drug were the DRPs associated with failure to achieve target and inappropriate drugs was the DRP type mostly associated with lower quality of life scores. Other factors associated with lower QoL levels included female gender, unemployment status, and high agreement with the statement "medications do more harm than good". Conclusion: Drug related problems and non-adherence are prevalent, while therapy targets are rarely met in rural Cyprus. Community pharmacists have the potential to improve outcomes in the management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
Efficacy and safety of novel glycopeptides versus vancomycin for the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A systematic review and meta-analysis
(2021) Jame, Wissal; Basgut, Bilgen; Abdi, Abdikarim; 34843561
Objective To compare between current evidence of novel glycopeptides against vancomycin for the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections. Methodology A systematic review and meta-analysis was done. Major databases were searched for eligible randomized control trials that assessed clinical success, microbiological success and safety profile of novel glycopeptides versus vancomycin for infections caused by gram-positive bacteria. Results This meta-analysis included eleven trials (7289 participants) comparing telavancin, dalbavancin and oritavancin with vancomycin. No differences were detected between novel glycopeptides and vancomycin for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) among modified intent-to-treat patients (OR: 1.04, CI: 0.92-1.17) as well as within the clinically evaluable patients (OR: 1.09, CI: 0.91-1.30). Data analysed from SSTIs, HAP and bacteremia studies on telavancin showed insignificant high clinical response in microbiologically evaluable patients infected with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (OR: 1.57, CI: 0.94-2.62, p: 0.08) and in the eradication of MRSA (OR: 1.39, CI: 0.99-1.96, P:0.06). Dalbavancin was non-inferior to vancomycin for the treatment of osteomyelitis in a phase II trial, while it was superior to vancomycin for the treatment of bacteremia in a phase II trial. Data analysed from all trials showed similar rates of all-cause mortality between compared antibiotics groups (OR: 0.67, CI: 0.11-4.03). Telavancin was significantly related with higher adverse events (OR: 1.24, CI: 1.07-1.44, P: <0.01) while dalbavancin and oritavancin were associated with significant fewer adverse events (OR: 0.73, CI: 0.57-0.94, p: 0.01; OR: 0.72, CI: 0.59-0.89, p: <0.01 respectively). Conclusion Efficacy and safety profiles of both dalbavancin and oritavancin were the same as vancomycin in the treatment of gram-positive bacterial infections in different clinical settings, while telavancin might be an effective alternative to vancomycin in MRSA infections, but caution is required during its clinical use due to the high risk of adverse events, especially nephrotoxicity.
The Clinical Efficacy of Adding Ceftazidime/Avibactam to Standard Therapy in Treating Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia with blaOXA-48-like Genes
(Başkent Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, 2024-04-03) Jaber, Al Maamon R. Abu; Basgut, Bilgen; Hawan, Ali Abdullah; Al Shehri, Ali Amer; AlKahtani, Sultan Ahmad; Ahmed, Nehad J.; Abdi, Abdikarim
Ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is FDA-approved for managing infections caused by resistant gram-negative bacilli, particularly infections via carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales pathogens. The clinical data are still limited, particularly those in Saudi Arabia. The present study is a retrospective cohort study that was carried out at the Armed Forces Hospital in the southern region of Saudi Arabia to compare the clinical and microbiological outcomes for CAZ-AVI-treated patients as monotherapy and as an add-on to standard therapy for carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia (CRKP) OXA-48 infections to those treated with standard drugs. The study included CRKP OXA-48-like infected patients who were administered antibiotics for more than seven days from 1 August 2018 to May 2023. Patients' baseline characteristics and demography were extracted from the clinical records, and their clinical/microbiology efficiencies were assessed as per the corresponding definitions. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to identify the potential independent variable for CAZ-AVI efficiency. A total of 114 patient files were included for the evaluation. Among these patients, 64 used CAZ-AVI combined with standard therapy and were included in the intervention group, and 50 of them used standard therapy and were included in the comparative group. Following analysis, CAZ-AVI's clinical success was 42.2% (p = 0.028), while the intervention versus comparative groups showed decreased 30-day all-cause mortality (50.0% versus 70.0%; p = 0.036) and infection recurrence (7.8% versus 24.0%; p = 0.019), as well as substantially increased rates of microbial eradication (68.8% versus 42.0%; p = 0.007). CAZ-AVI add-on therapy rather than monotherapy showed statistically significant favored clinical and microbial outcomes over the standard therapy. Furthermore, sex (female %), ICU admission, and fever were negatively associated with patients' 30-day all-cause mortality, serving as independent negative factors. Only fever, CRP bio levels, inotropes, and ICU admissions were significant predictors influencing the CAZ-AVI's clinical efficiency. The duration of CAZ-AVI therapy positively influenced CAZ-AVI's microbial eradication, while both WBC counts and fever experiences were negative predictors. This study shows the effective usage of CAZ-AVI against CRKP OXA-48-like infections. The influencing independent variables depicted here should recommend that clinicians individualize the CAZ-AVI dose based on co-existing risk factors to achieve optimal survival and efficacy. Prospective multicenter and randomized control studies are recommended, with individualized CAZ-AVI precision administration implemented based on patients' characteristics.