Serum and placental periostin levels in women with early pregnancy loss

Abstract

Objectives: Periostin is secreted from the placenta in the embryonic period and it is emphasized that it may be involved in endometrial implantation. In this study, we aimed to investigate periostin serum levels and placental tissue expression in first trimester pregnancy losses.

Study design: In this prospective case-control study, 30 patients who underwent dilatation and curettage with first trimester spontaneous abortion (< 10 weeks of gestation) were included in the study group and 30 patients who had voluntary pregnancy termination (< 10 gestational weeks) were included in the control group. Serum samples collected from the study and control groups were analyzed usingenzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA), and trophoblastic and decidual tissues were examined using immunohistochemical staining with streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase techniques.

Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of age, gravida status, parity number, gestational week, and number of previous abortions. In the spontaneous abortion group, the serum level of periostin was significantly lower than in the voluntary termination group (6.56 +/- 4.16 pg/mLvs. 9.51 +/- 4.52 pg/mL, p = 0.03). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of periostin expression in decidual and trophoblastic tissue (p = 0.617, p = 0.274, p = 0.497).

Conclusion: Periostin serum levels were significantly reduced in patients with spontaneous pregnancy loss. Periostin can be used as a predictive marker for the success of endometrial implantation.