Evaluation of Choroidal Thickness Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Comparative Study

Abstract

AIM: To assess choroidal thickness in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and compare them with healthy controls, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).

METHODS: In this observational, cross-sectional study, choroidal thicknesses of 23 newly severe OSAS patients and 23 body mass index- age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were measured using a high -speed, high resolution frequency domain-OCT device (lambda=840 nm, 26 000 A -scans/s, 5 pm axial resolution). All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination before the measurements. OCT measurements were taken at the same time of day (9:00 a.m.), in order to minimize the effects of diurnal variation.

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in median choroidal thickness between the OSAS patients (201 pm; range 145 -237 pm) and the controls (324 pm; range 296 -383 mu m; P <0.001). There were significant differences at all measurement points (P <0.001 for all). The apnea -hypopnea index (AHI) values were more than 30 in all OSAS patients and the mean AHI was 48.57 +/- 6.54. The interexaminer intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the mean choroidal thickness was 0.938 (95%CI, 0.908-0.985) and ICC was greater than 0.90 for all measurement points.

CONCLUSION: The decreased choroidal thickness of patients with severe OSAS might be related to the the autonomic disregulation associated with this disease. Further studies are needed to evaluate the etiopathologic relationship between choroidal thickness and OSAS.